初二英语Unit11词组学习
1、take out
...取出。。。
take a shower洗澡
a taxi/bus/train/subway/plane搭乘。。。
sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事
a walk 散步
take photos 照相
take out the trash 取出垃圾/把垃圾取出来
trash 垃圾是不可数名词
2、do the dishes. 洗餐具=wash the dishes
do the laundry 洗衣服=wash the
laundry
do chores 处理琐事；干家务=do
housework
do homework 做作业
dish→复数加es 家务：chore是可数名词
Housework/homework是不可数名词
wash 也是清洗；
3、sweep the floor 清扫地板；扫地
the table /desk
sweep相当于clean 过去式kept
keep→kept sleep→slept睡
4、make your /the bed 整理床铺
5、fold your clothes 折衣服
6、clean the living
room 打扫客厅
7、wash the car.洗车
8、go to a meeting 开会（指参加听讲） =have a
meeting
hold a meeting 开会（指召集会议）
９、work on +名词／v.ing从事；忙于
Work on the computer 从事电脑工作/忙于电脑工作
Science 从事科技工作
Math /English/Chinese
10、hate 憎恨；讨厌
后加动词时要用ing 形式 hate doing sht 讨厌做某事
反义词是enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 love doing sth /like doing sth
11.borrow sth
借...
Could I
borrow your book?我能借一下你书吗？
borrow sth from sb. 向某人借某物
I want to borrow a bike from you .我想向你借自行车。
12、invite 邀请；恳请
invite sb 邀请某人
invite→名词：invitation请柬；邀请
Thanks for your invitation.(asking) 谢谢你的邀请。
13.disagree 不同意
agree 同意
Agree with sb.同意某人
14.take care of ...=look after...照顾。。。
15.feed ...喂养；饲养...
16．My +名词=mine 我的...
my 后要加名词，mine 后不能加名词
17．Stay out late.在外面呆得很晚
Stay out 呆在外面
I don't like you staying out late.
重点、难点讲解
1. —Peter, could you please take out the trash?
—Sure, Mom.
—Could you please do the dishes?
—Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework.
（1）在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了can, could之外，还可以用may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例：
①Could/Can/May I use your car for a day?
②I wonder if I could use your car for a day?
③Do you mind if I use your car for a day?
对于①、②句所作允答可以各种各样，如同意可以说Yes，或Sure或Certainly，还可说Yes, (do) please. 或Of course. (you may/can). 或Go ahead, please. 或That’s OK/all right. 如果不同意，可以说I’m sorry you can’t. 或I’m really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说No, you can’t. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。对于句（3）所作回答可以说Never mind. /Not at all. 表“不介意”。不能用Yes. /Sure. /Of course. /Certainly.等。
无论肯定还是否定应答中，要避免使用could，要用can或may。因为应答须用确定的语气。而could在表请求的问句中是为了表示礼貌或委婉语气，用在应答中则成了不确定语气，与情理不符。所以应答中不说Yes, you could. 或No, you couldn’t. 而要说Yes, you can. 或Sorry. /No, you can’t.
（2）区别动词do和make。
“do”与动作及非实质性的事连用，与词尾是-ing的动作名词连用，如：do the dishes（洗餐具），do my homework（做我的家庭作业），do chores（做家务，处理琐事），do the laundry（洗衣），do the shopping（购物），do some reading（读书）
“make”表示“做、制造”、“整理”、“冲、泡（饮料）”等，如：
make your bed（铺床），make breakfast（做早餐），make dinner（做晚饭），make tea（泡茶，沏茶），make myself a cup of coffee（给自己冲一杯咖啡）
（3）take out带出（人），取出（物）；take out of从……里取出
2. Could I please use your computer?
Sorry, I’m going to work on it now.
Well, could I watch TV?
Yes, you can.
Could I/you please …？表示一种有礼貌的请求或提议，其后连接原形动词，比Can you /I…？语气更委婉。类似句型有：
Would you like + sth. / to do sth.?
May I + do sth. ?
Shall we + do sth.?
Would you mind + sth. /doing sth.?
What / How about + sth. /doing sth.?
肯定回答有Sure. /Of course. / Certainly. /OK. /Great. / Well. / Good idea. / I agree. 等。否定回答有Sorry …. / No, you can’t. 等。
3. I hate to do chores.
—Do you like to do the laundry?
—No, It’s boring.
I don’t like doing the dishes because it’s boring.
（1）hate vt. “不喜欢，讨厌、恨”，没有进行时。hate后可接to do也可接doing，意义无大差别，只是to do更多表示具体的一次性的动作，而doing更多表示习惯性，经常的一般的动作。这与like后接to do或doing的用法一样。
（2）对比由动词加-ing和-ed构成的形容词：
动词加-ing构成的形容词可以指人或物，在句中作定语或表语；动词加-ed构成的形容词通常用来指人，作表语，通常不作定语。例：
boring—bored, relaxing—relaxed, surprising—surprised, exciting—excited, interesting—interested
4. Could I invite my friends to a party on Saturday?
invitevt.“邀请”，意同ask，但invite更正式。
①invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。
e. g.They invited me to join their club.
②invite sb. to sth. / invite sb. for sth.
e. g. He invited us for the concert.
I want to invite my friends to a party.
③invitationn.邀请
e. g. Thanks for your invitation.
Thank you for asking /inviting me.
5. Thanks for taking care of my dog.
“take care of”“照顾、照料、注意”，意思侧重于负责任的意思，后面的宾语可以是表示人或事物的名词或代词。
e. g.Mother takes good care of her children.
It’s not easy to take care of the sick.
Take good care of the books.
注：look after一般情况下可替换take care of，意思上强调看管或照料。
I have to look after my sick dog at home.
6. Play with him.
play with …“玩……；用……娱乐。”
e. g. Little girls like playing with dolls.
Tell children not to play with fire.
7. I’m going to move to a new house.
move to /into …搬到，搬入……
e. g. They moved into the new apartment last week.
Later his family moved to New York.
8. I need some help.
We need to clean the house.
help 作名词为不可数名词。
need作动词用法：need sth. /sb, need to do sth.
need还可用作情态动词，“必须”，否定形式“needn’t”，后跟动词原形。
need作名词时指“需要，必需”时为不可数名词，指“必需品，要求”时常用复数。
e. g. There’s no need to do that. 不需要做那事。
We have to work hard to meet the people’s needs.
You needn’t call him at once.
9.Stay out late在外面呆得很晚
Stay out不回家；呆在户外（尤指天黑后）
I don’t like you staying out so late.
我不喜欢你在处面呆得这么晚。
10.Have fun玩得高兴
Did you have fun at the party last night?
昨天晚上聚会玩得开心吗？
11.Come over从一地来到另一地
Why don’t you come over to England for a holiday?
你怎么不到英国来度假呢？