学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 ——《论语》
Learning is the eye of the mind. 学问是心灵的眼睛。
初二英语（第二讲）
主讲教师：李 杰
主审教师：严长胜
【教学内容与目的要求】
Unit 28
1、New words and expressions:
①talk, tell, speak, say, call
②情态动词的用法
③leave
④With
【知识重点和学习难点】
1、She liked to talk to her friends. 她喜欢和她的朋友谈话。
A、talk, tell, speak, say, call
以上五词都与“说”有关，但每个词之间都有一定的区别，希望认真注意。
a、talk意为“说话”可单独使用或放在词组中。
eg: Everybody’s talking in the classroom now.
现在每个人都在教室中讲话。
常用词组有：talk about somebody / something 谈论某人或某物
talk to somebody 对某人讲话
eg: They’re talking about the sports meeting last week.
他们在谈论上星期的运动会。
Don’t talk to him. He’s busy!
别对他说话，他正忙着呢！
b、tell意为“告诉”，后跟说话内容及听话对象，常用于下列词组中。
tell somebody something 告诉某人某事
tell somebody to do something 叫某人干某事
（注：此词组否定式为tell somebody not to do something 叫某人不要干某事）
eg: I told him the whole story. 我告诉了他整件事情。
Tom’s mother told him not to play with matches.
汤姆的母亲叫他别玩火柴。
c、speak意为“说”，speak后通常不加宾语，如要加宾语通常为某种语言；
eg: He can speak English very well. 他英语说得很好。
另有 speak to somebody. 和某人讲话
eg: May I speak to Ann? 我能和安讲话吗？
d、say意为“说”后跟说话的内容。
eg: The teacher said that he was a good student
老师说他是个好学生。
e、call意为“叫，喊”。
When the teacher found that Li Lei was sleeping in class,she called his name.
当老师发现李雷在睡觉时，她叫了一声他的名字。
2、the weather report 天气预报。
Weather report for the next twenty-for hours. 未来24小时的天气预报。
3、情态动词的用法：
A: need /needn’t
need 一般用在否定句和疑问句中，表示需要的意义或不必的意义。
eg: You needn’t write down all the words in this unit.
你不必把这个单元的全部单词都写下来。
Need I show you the way to the nearest hospital?
需要我给你指出去最近的医院的路吗？
B: must/mustn’t
① must表示必要，必须
eg: You must come here early tomorrow. 明天你必须早点来。
注意：表示不必，应该用needn’t.
eg: You needn’t come here early tomorrow. 明天你不必早来。
② 表示较肯定的猜测
eg: I don’t know him. He must be a new student.
我不认识他，他肯定是个新生。
③ mustn’t 表示禁止
eg: You mustn’t talk to the teacher like this. 你不能这样对老师讲话。
C: have to (and has to )/ had to
have to 和must一样都表示必须的念，但must着重主观看法，have to强调的是客观需要，且have to和一般情态动词不同，它有人称，时态变化，用法同一般行为动词相同。
eg: I didn’t do my homework yesterday. So I’ll have to go to the teachers’ office.
我昨天没做回家作业，因此我不得不去办公室。
D: can/ could/ can’t/couldn’t
① can/ conld 表示能力
eg: Can you speak French? 你会说法语吗?
② can/ could 表示可能性
eg: Can you be here at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning?
你明天早上6点能到这儿吗?
③ 用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中表示惊异、怀疑等。can和could在这种情况下，
没有时间上的差别。could口气较缓和，can不相信的程度更强一些。
eg: It can’t be true! 这不可能是真的！
What could he say ? 他还能说什么？
How can you be so careless? 你怎么这样粗心？
④ 口语中，can常代may， 表示许可
eg: Can I keep the book a little longer? 这本书我可以借长一点时间吗?
⑤ 口语中，can’t 常代替must not 表示不准
eg: You can’t talk in class. 课堂上不准说话。
⑥ 表示请求
eg: Can you tell me the way to the nearest police station?
你能告诉我去最近的派出所的路吗？
注意：could可以代替can用来表示现在的动作，但语气较婉转。
eg: Could you tell us something interesting?
你能给我们说些有趣的事吗？
E、may
①表示允许或请求允许
eg: May I come a little later?
②表示可能
eg: He may not be free next week. 他下星期可能没有空.
4、She left her pen at home.
她把钢笔忘在家了。
leave在此处的“忘”是“遗留”的意思，不能和forget “忘记”混淆。
5、Why did the monkey langh in the end? 那只猴子最后为什么笑了？
in the end 这一词组意为“最后”同义词组为at last
at the end of 意为“在……的尽头”
eg: There is a fruit shop at the end of the street .
在街道的尽头有一家小果店。
6、With these words the tiger jumped into the river.
说着这些话，那只老虎跳进了洞里。
with在这儿意为“说着”或“说完”。
【同步练习】
一、 单项选择：
1. I'll go to Tianjin ________ my father.
a. instead b. but c. and d. instead of
2. My father doesn't let my brother and ______ TV every day.
a. I watch b. me watch c. I to watch d. I to watch
3. How _______ do you have an English Evening? Once a month. How ______ you?
a. far，with b. about，with c. often，about d. long，about
4. Our mother always tells us _______ football in the street.
a. no play b. not play c. no to play d. not to play
5. The teacher left the classroom and we stopped ________ with each other at once.
a. talking b. talked c. talk d. to talk
6. My sister loves coffee _____ sugar and milk，but I love black coffee. It's coffee without _____ in it.
a. with，anything b. in，nothing c. with，nothing d. in，anything
7. ________ it away，I like it very much.
a. Take b. Bring c. Don't take d. Don't bring
8. Next year the Shute family ______ go to visit Canada.
a. maybe b. may c. may be d. may are
9. Robert is not _______ to go to school.
a. too old b. enough old c. old enough d. old
10. He can read English very well. So ______.
a. do I b. can I c. I can d. I do
11. ______ do you think they are going to play tomorrow night?
a. Which b. What c. Where d. When
12. Michael is often ill ______ at this time of year.
a. on the bed b. on bed c. in the bed d. in bed
13. You can't work out the problem _____ this way.
a. on b. in c. of d. by
14. Johnson ______ me he was very tired after ______ for six hours.
a. said，worked b. talked，work c. told，working d. spoke，working
15. Tim wants to have a drink of ______.
a. orange b. blue c. red d. yellow
二、完型填空：
Long，long ___1___ there lived a king(国王). He loved horses. One day he asked an artist (画家) ___2___ him a beautiful horse. The artist said，"All right，but you must wait." So the king waited. He waited and waited. ___3____ ，after a year he could not wait any longer. He went to see the artist ___4___.
Quickly，the artist ___5____ paper and a brush(毛笔). In five minutes he finished ___6__ a very beautiful horse. The king was very angry. "You can draw a good horse in five minutes，but you kept me waiting ___7__ a year. Why?"
" Come with me，please，" said the artist. They went to the artist's workroom. There the king saw piles(堆) and piles of paper. ___8__ every ____9___paper was a picture of a horse. " It ___10____me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes，" the artist said.
1. a. ago b. after c. before d. until
2. a. draw b. to draw c. drawing d. drew
3. a. At last b. At first c. At the end of d. At most
4. a. him b. he c. himself d. themselves
5. a. bring b. brought in c. put away d. brought out
6. a. buying b. to draw c. drew d. drawing
7. a. at b. for c. in d. with
8. a. On b. at c. in d. with
9. a. / b. piece of c. pieces of d. pieces
10. a. takes b. took c. brings d. brought
三、用所给单词的适当型式填充：
1. At first he was ________ (sleep)，and two hours later he woke up.
2. In the north of China，it's often ________ (snow) in the winter.
3. We are going to learn the _______ (seven) lesson next week.
4. Walk along this street，take the eighth _______ (turn) on your left. _______ (turn) right at the first crossing.
5. I think February is the ________ (cold) month of all.
6. Thank you for your help. It's a ______(please).
7. He is so ______ (care) that he often leaves his homework at home.
8. Nobody will be _______(please)，if you laugh at them.
9. He worked _______ (hard) and _______ (hard). And he passed the exam _______ (easy).
10. He ______ never ______(be) there before.
四、句子翻译：
1. 她看上去焦虑不安因为她的母亲病了。
She looks ________ _________ her mother is ill.
2. 那个孩子在睡觉吗？
Is the baby _______?
3. 当我到达时，已经是下午三点了。
When I ________ there，it was ________ three o'clock in the afternoon.
4. 当我住院时，我的朋友们天天来看我。
When I was ______ ________，my friends came to see me ______ ________.
5. 几分钟后，她开始学习了。
_______ a ______ _______，she started to study.
【答案与提示】
一．
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
二．
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. B
三．
1. sleeping，2. snowy，3. seventh. 4. turning，turn 5. coldest，6. pleasure，7. careless，8. pleased，9. harder and harder，easily，10. has never，
四.
1. worried because，2. sleeping，3. arrived，already，4. in hospital，5. every day，6. After， few minutes.