学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 ——《论语》
Learning is the eye of the mind. 学问是心灵的眼睛。
初二英语（第七讲）
主讲教师：李 杰
主审教师：严长胜
【教学内容】
Junior English for China Students' Book 3 Unit 5.
Go over the Past Continuous Tense.
【重点归纳】
1、应该掌握的单词与词组：accident，dress，lose，see something/ somebody, do something，round the corner，land，shout to / at somebody，travel，lie， as…as one can / possible，hurry，crowd，with…，while，call.
2、日常交际用语：
①. You'd better go to bed earlier. 你最好早点上床睡觉。
②. You'd better not talk. It's nice of you.
你最好别说话。你真是太好了。
③. Hurry up! You go and find…，I'll…
赶快! 去找······，我会······
④. Don't crowd round him.别围在他周围。
3、The Past Continuous Tense.
【知识讲解】
1、The accident. 事故。
"accident" n. 意思为：“事故，意外的事”，着重指“意外，偶然”的事，常指交通等方面的意外事故。
例如：Never mind! It's just an accident. 别在意！这只是个事故。
常用词组：“a little accident” 意思为：“一个小事故”
“by accident” 意思为：“偶然地”
例如：I met him by accident last night. 我昨晚偶然碰到了他。
2、Was Wei Hua making a dress last night. 魏华昨晚在做衣服吗？
①"dress"与"clothes"都作“衣服”解，但含义不同。是以复数出现的可数名词，clothes没有单数形式，它统指衣服，不能用具体数词修饰，如不可说"five clothes"，但可说"many clothes"。作主语时，谓语动此用复数。
例如：He is very poor. So his clothes are always old.
他很穷。因此他的衣服老是旧的。
②"dress"作可数名词，表示“女装，童装”等。
例如：She bought a red dress the day before yesterday.
她前天买了一件红色的连衣裙。
③I. "dress"作动词用，是“给……穿衣”的意思，其宾语必须是“人”。
例如：He still couldn't dress himself at the age of four.
他四岁时还不会自己穿衣服。
II. 若接“衣服”的名词，可以用"be dressed in"结构，表示“穿衣”的状态。
例如：He is dressed in black. 他穿黑。
3、You look tired today. 你今天看起来很疲劳。
"look"在这里是系动词，意思为：“看起来，显得”，后接形容词，分词等作表语。
例如：You look fine. 你看上去不错。
4、 Did you lose it? 你丢了它吗？
①"lose"及物动词，意思为：“丢，丢失，输了”等。
例如：I lost my English book yesterday. 我昨天丢了我的英语书。
②常用词组有：
I．“lose (miss) the train(bus)” 意思是“没赶上火车(公共汽车)”
例如：I lost(missed) the early bus today. 我今天早上错过了早班公共汽车。
II.“lose time” 意思是“浪费(耽误)时间”
例如：He lost much time. 他浪费了许多时间。
III．“lose one's life” 意思是“丢失生命”
例如：He lost his life in the war. 他在战争中丧了命。
IV．“lose face” 意思是“丢面子，丢脸”
例如：I don't want to lose face. 我可不想丢脸。
V．“lose heart” 意思是“灰心”
例如：Don't lose heart! You can catch up with the others.
别灰心！你能赶上其他人的。
③其过去分词常被用来作形容词。
例如：a lost dog 一只丢失的狗
5、A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.
一位妇女走过来时，看到事情发生的经过。
本句"saw"的宾语"it"之后用不带"to"的不定式"happen"作宾语补足语。注意，在"see，hear，let，make（使），have（让），watch，feel，notice"等表示感觉的动词的宾语之后，常接不带"to"的不定式作宾语补足语。
例如：I don't want to have him come. 我不想让他来。
I watched her go farther and farther. 我看着她越走越远。
Who saw you fall off the tree? 谁看见你从树上掉下来的？
Did you hear Jim sing last week?
你上星期听见吉姆唱歌了吗？
The teacher let all the students do their homework in pairs.
老师让所有的同学们两人一组完成回家作业。
My father made me help me in the garden the day before yesterday in the morning.
我父亲让我前天早上帮他整理花园。
Tom felt the weather turn colder and colder.
汤姆感到天气越变越冷了。
6、The truck was coming round the corner near the school.
卡车从学校附近的街道的拐角转过来。
"round the corner "在这里意思为“绕过（街道）的拐角”。
例如：The hospital is just round the corner. 医院就在拐角那边。
如果表示“在街道的转角”，可用"at the corner of the street"。
例如：Don't stand at the corner of the street，it's too dangerous.
别站在街道的转角，那太危险了。
7、It landed in the middle of the road. 它躺在了路中央。
①.“land”作名词，意思为“陆地”（与sea，water）相对。
例如：There are lots of animals on the land. 陆地上有许多动物。
“land”也可以用来指国家，带有感情色彩；“country”指国家，为一般的用语。
例如：He will visit many distance lands next week.
他下星期将访问许多遥远的国家和地区。
China is one of the largest countries in the world.
中国是世界上最大的国家之一。
②. “land”作动词，意思为“登上，着陆”等。
例如：The plane landed at the airport in Beijing.
飞机在北京飞机场降落了。
8、The children shouted to the driver，but he did not hear them.
孩子们朝那个骑摩托车的人大叫，但他没听见。
①. "shout to somebody" 指高声呼唤以引起某人的注意。
例如：I shouted to him and he stopped. 我朝他大叫，他停了下来。
②. "shout at somebody" 指愤怒时对某人大声叫嚷。
例如：Don't shout at the little boy like that.
别像那样对那个小男孩吼叫。
9、Let's move that bag，or there may be an accident.
让我们把那只包搬掉，要不会出事的。
①.“祈使句＋or＋另一个句子”，其意义相当于"if"引导的含有否定意义的条件状语从句，即"if……not"，如上句可改写为：If we don't move that bag，there may be an accident.
例如：Work hard this term，or you may fail in the examination.
If you don't work hard this term，you may fail in the examination.如果你这学期不努力学习，这次考试你可能会不及格。
②. 还应注意：“祈使句＋and＋另一个句子”，其意义则相当于"if"引导的含有肯定意义的条件状语 从句。
例如：Take enough exercise and you will feel much better soon.
If you take enough exercise，you will feel much better soon.
如果你做足够的运动的话，你很快就会感到好多了。
10、The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
那个骑摩托车的人骑得太快了。
①. “travel”作名词，泛指“旅行”，也可以用复数形式来表示，即“travels”。但不能作“某一次旅行”解释。如果表示“一次旅行”，则应该是“a journey”。
例如：Did you enjoy your travels in China? 你的中国之旅愉快吗？
②. “travel” 作动词，意思为“行进，旅行”，其现在分词为“travelling”过去式和过去分词为“travelled”
(英国用法)，在美国拼作“traveled”和“traveling”。
例如：Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音穿得快。
He travelled in Europe. 他旅行了欧洲。
③. 还可以在词尾加"er"，变为“traveller(traveler)”，意思为“旅行者”。
例如：The traveller made a lot of mistakes.
那个旅行者犯了许多错误。
11、The man lay on the road. 那个人躺在路上。
①.“lie”用做动词，如果是“躺”或“位于”时，它的过去式和过去分词应是“lay”
和“lain”。
例如：Beijing lies in the north of China. 北京位于中国的北方。
②. “lie”如果用作“说谎”之意时，它的过去式和过去分词应是“lied”和“lied”。
例如：The boy often lied to the others.
那个男孩经常对其他人说谎。
③. 但不论是“躺”还是“说谎”，它们的现在分词都是“lying”。
例如：He's lying on the ground. 他正躺在地上。
The boy's lying again. 那个男孩又在说谎了。
12、Luckily，he was not badly hurt. 真走运，他伤得不重。
此处的“hurt”是过去分词，起形容词作用，作表语，"be/ get hurt"意思为“受伤”。
例如：Nobody was hurt in the accident. 没人在事故中受伤。
句中的“badly”是副词，修饰过去分词“hurt”。当副词修饰作表语的过去分词时，习惯上放在分词之前。
例如：Though he was not badly hurt in the accident，he was really scared. 虽然他在事故中伤得不重，但是他确实吓坏了。
13、It's really nice of you. 你确实太好了。
I. “It's (really) nice of you.”之后常接一个不定式即“It's (really) nice of you to do something.”"it"是形式主语，“to do something”是实际主语。
例如：It's really nice of you to pick the ticket up for me.
你替我捡起了车票，这真是太好了。
II. It's＋形容词＋不定式这一结构，常用“of”或“for”引出不定式的行为者，究竟用“of somebody”还是用“for somebody”，取决于前面的形容词。若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格，品质的，如“kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish”等，用“of somebody”；如果形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的性格进行评价的，用“for somebody”，这类形容词有“difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，(im)possible”等。
例如：It's impossible for me to see him in the dark. 我不可能在黑暗中看见他。
III. “of somebody” 与“for somebody”这两种结构还有一个区别。在“of somebody”结构中，可用“somebody”直接作句子的主语来改写It's＋形容词＋of somebody＋不定式的句子。
例如：It's dangerous of him to go alone. = He is dangerous to go alone. 他一个人出去太危险了。
而“for somebody to do something”结构则不能这样转换。
例如：It's impossible for me to work out the problem alone.
我不可能一个人做出这道题目。
本句不能改为：“I'm impossible to work out the problem alone.”
14、As quickly as she could，Miss Zhao got a medicine box.
赵小姐尽可能快地取来药箱。
“as…as one can”或“as…as possible”都可表示“尽可能地…”。
例如：Finish it as quickly as possible. 尽可能快地完成它。
15、Please hurry up! 请快点！
①. "hurry"作为动词，意思为：“赶快，匆忙，急行”
例如：He hurried to the school，but it was too late.
他匆匆忙忙赶到学校，但是太晚了。
②. "hurry"作为动词还可与介词"up"或"off"连用。"hurry up"是“赶快，加紧”的意思。"hurry off"的意思则为“匆匆离去”。
例如：Hurry up! It's getting dark. 赶快！天要黑了。
③. "hurry"还可以作为名词，意思为：“匆忙，急忙”。在句中常以“in a hurry”的形式出现。
例如：He went out in a hurry. 他匆匆忙忙出去了。
16、Don't crowd round him. 别围在他周围。
①. 作名词，意思为：“人群，群众”。常用“a crowd of”或“crowds of”都表示“许多的······”。
“crowd”还可以用“large，great”等词来修饰。
例如：Great crowds of people were watching the basketball match.
很多的人在观看那场篮球比赛。
②. 作动词，意思为：“拥挤”。“be crowded with”表示“挤满了······”；“crowd round…”表示“群聚或围在······的周围”；“crowd into”表示“拥进······，拥入”。
例如：The students crowded into the school. 学生们拥入了学校。
17、With the medicine box under her arm. Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man.
“with the medicine box under her arm”是“with＋名词＋介词短语”的一种复合结构，常用作状语表示伴随状态。
例如：Don't say anything with food in your mouth.
嘴里有东西的时候不要讲话。
18、While we were talking，the teacher came in.
当我们正在谈天时，老师进来了。
①. "while"可以作连词，意思为：“正当······的时候”或“当······时候”。
例如：They are playing basketball while I'm doing my homework.
当我在做回家作业的时候，他们正在打篮球。
②. "while"和"when"都可引导时间状语从句，意思为“当······时候”。但"while"表示的是一段较长的时间或一个过程，从句要用持续性动词，强调主句动作是在从句所表示的时间内发生的，"when"则无此种限制。
例如：While we were talking，his mother came into the room.
正当我们在谈话的时候，他的母亲进来了。
③. "while"还可以作名词，意思为：“一会儿”。
例如：Wait a while. 等一会儿。
19、Lucy called to see her. 露茜曾去看她。
“call”表示“拜访”的意思。
例如：She was out when I called. 我去看她时，她出去了。
【同步练习】
一．单项选择：
1. Would you please ______ make faces in class.
a. don’t b. not to c. not d. won’t
2. I wish you good in the _______ New Year.
a. come b. came c. coming d. comes
3. When the teacher came ____ the classroom，the students ______ to him.
a. in，stopped listening b. into，stopped listening
c. in，stopped to listen d. into，stopped to listen
4. What a good day! Why not ______ out for a walk today.
a. go b. going c. you go d. you going
5. Can you tell me what ______.
a. is his name b. his name
c. name is d. his name is
6. “Hold the stick!” With these words，Jim passed _______ Tom.
a. it on b. on it c. on it to d. it on to
7. If he ______ work hard，he will never catch up _____ the others.
a. won’t，with b. doesn’t，with
c. won’t，on d. doesn’t，on
8. He’ll ____ back ____ a few minutes.
a. soon，in b. be，in c. soon，before d. come，before
9. He didn’t work _______，____ he won’t pass the exam.
a. hard enough，so b. hard enough，but
c. enough hard，so d. enough hard，but
10. Ann draws _______ than the others in her class.
This sentence means she draws ______ in her class.
a. better，best b. better，better
c. best，best d. best，better
11. The headmaster began the meeting ______ congratulations.
a. on b. in c. with d. without
12. Which sports will Jim be _______ tomorrow?
a. on b. in c. with d. without
13. They found the hospital ________ the street.
a. at the end b. in the end
c. at the end of d. in the end of
14. He did ______ in his exam. So he’s very sad now.
a. bader b. badly c. well d. good
15. He did homework much _______ than he did three years ago.
a. careful b. carefully
c. more careful d. more carefully
16. It's very kind _______ you to help me _______ my Chinese.
a. of，with b. to，with c. of，in d. to，in
17. When James _________ last night，we __________ supper.
a. comes，have， b. came，were having
c. came，had d. comes，had
18. Beijing is ________ _________ temperature from 10 to 15.
a. cloud，with b. cloud，at
c. cloudy，at d. cloudy，with
19. Perhaps Chinese is more improtant than ________.
a. any subject b. any subjects
c. any other subjects d. any other subject
20. The conductor ________ me to show him my ticket.
a. let b. wanted c.made d. found
21. Hurry up,________ you’ll be late.
a. but b. and c. so d. or
22. There’s no excuse for __________.
a. late b. to late c. come late d. being late
23. Here’s a seat for __________.
a. we both b. both us c. both we d. us both
24. _________ in the sun is not good for your eyes.
a. Read b. reading c. To read d. reads
25. Li Lei isn’t ________ Li Ping.
a. as good at maths as b. good at maths as
c. at maths as good as d. good as at maths
26. We must do _______ work _________.
a. everyday, everyday b. every day, every day
c. every day, everyday d. everyday, every day
27. A: Do you think he is out? B: ________________.
a. I’m afraid so. b. I want to ask him a question.
c. I agree with you. d. I don’t think.
28. ________ he won the race. _________ a lucky boy!
a. Luckly…How b. Luck… How
c. Luckily…What d. Lucky…What.
29. Would you please _________ it so quickly?
a. don't say b. not repeat
c.won't say d. didn't repeat
30. She is only a ____________ girl, but she won the __________ race.
a.10-years-old, 1000-metre b.10-year-old, 1000 metre
c. 10-year-old, 1000-metre d. 10 years old, 1000 metres
二．完形填空：
Long，long ___1___，an English family ___2___ living in China. One evening an important officer (官员) came to visit them. It got later and later，and he still didn't go，___3___ the wife invited(邀请) him to have ___4___ with them. But she had very ___5___ food in the house，so she quickly went to the kitchen(厨房) and spoke to her Chinese cook (厨师). He said， "____6___ You will have a very good dinner."
When they all sat down to eat，the wife was very surprised (惊讶)，___7___ there was a lot of very good food on the table.
___8___ the dinner， the wife ran to the kitchen and said to the cook，"___9___ did you make such(如此) a good meal in a short time?"
"I didn't ___10___ it，madam." he said. "I sent (派出) one of the servants (仆人) to the Chinese officer's house，and he brought back the Chinese officer's dinner."
1. a. Then b. Ago c. time d. when
2. a. Was b. Is c. are d. were
3. a. Because b. So c. why d. or
4. a. tea b. lunch c. breakfast d. dinner
5. a. much b. little c. a little d. many
6. a. It's all right. b. You're welcome.
c. You're right. d. That's right.
7. a. because b. so c. why d. or
8. a. Before b. After c. In d. during
9. a. Why b. What c. How d. When
10. a. steal b. like c. make d. bring
三．用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1. The street is wide enough for four cars _________ (go) through.
2. Keep _________ (try). Don't lose heart!(灰心)
3. I like _________(fish)，but I don't like ___________(go) fishing now.
4. If it _________(not rain) this Sunday，what are going todo?
5. Without even (甚至) _________(knock) at the door，he rushed into (冲进) the room.
6. Tell Sam ___________(not talk) loudly.
7. I __________(be) to America twice.
8. She does ________(well) than her brother in English.
9. Glad to meet you. ________ (I) too.
10. Spring has come. It's getting ______ and _______(warm).
11. "It's time _________(go) home," he think to ________(he).
12. They found it __________(difficulty) to find out the right answer.
13. The other place in town is _________(beautiful) but it is a little ________(far) away from here.
14. Mr. White said with a big smile. "__________(congratulate) to you on your _________(successful)!"
15. Is Mary less __________(care) than Ann in her work? Yes，Mary is ________(care) at somes.
16. How ________(luck) of you! You are a ________(luck)dog.
17. I walked __________(pass) the post office，but I forgot _________(post) my letter.
18. Many students are _________ (interesting) in Maths.
19. She has no money with her，so she wants me ________ ( to borrow) some to her.
20. What do you mean by ________(say) so? －This is another way of ________(help) others
四．翻译句子：
1. 别碰锤子，把它放回去。
Don't ________ the ________，________ it ________.
2. 碗橱里有许多吃的。
There ________ ________food in the ________.
3. 昨晚他们在饭店吃了一顿四道菜的晚餐。真是一顿美餐啊！
They had a ________ ________ ________ ________ ________a ________. ________a lovely ________!
4. 你会说多少种语言？四种。但我只会说一点意大利语。
How many ________ can you ________? Four. But I can ________ ________a ________ ________.
5. 他不如我仔细。
He is ________ ________ ________ me.
6. 谁知道比赛的结果？
Who ________ the ________ ________ the race?
7. 像平常一样，他一到家就开始做作业了。
________ ________，he began to do his homework as soon as he ________ ________.
8. 在"say"这个词中，字母“a”发/ ei /的音。
The letter "a" ________ ________/ ei / ________in the word "say".
9. 你说闭嘴是什么意思？我并没有发出声音。
What do you ________ ________saying "shut up". I didn't ________ ________noise.
10. 如同平常一样，格林老师进入教室的时候笑容满面。
________ ________，Mr. Green ________ ________ ________when he came ________the classroom.
11. 我不敢摸老虎。
I ________ ________ ________ ________the tiger.
12. 别为迟到找借口。
Don't ________ ________ ________being late.
13. 别带太多的钱。那太危险了。
Don't ________ ________ ________money ________ ________. It's too dangerous.
14. 我宁愿打篮球也不踢足球。
I _______ ________basketball ________ ________football.
15. 我不同意去长城。
I ________ ________ ________go to ________ ________ ________.
16. 我与他们意见一致。
I ________ ________ ________.
17. 你在哪儿丢的书？
Where ________ you ________ your book?
18. 那个骑摩托车的人是王叔叔。
The man ________ ________ ________ is Uncle Wang.
19. 吉姆起床晚了。他尽可能快的吃完了早餐并匆匆忙忙的走了。
Jim ________ ________ ________. He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ as ________ ________ and ________ ________.
20. 看门人不让吉姆进去，因为他迟到了。
The ________ ________ ________ ________ Jim ________，because he was late.
【同步练习参考答案】
一．
1.c 2.c 3.d 4.a 5.d
6.d 7.b 8.b 9.a 10.a
11.c 12.b 13.c 14.b 15.d
16.a 17.c 18.d 19.d 20.d
21.d 22.d 23.d 24.c 25.a
26.d 27.a 28.c 29.b 30.c
二．
1.b 2.d 3.b 4.d 5.b
6.a 7.a 8.b 9.c 10.c
三．
1. to go
2. trying
3. fishing，to go
4. doesn't rain
5. knocking
6. not to talk
7. have been
8. better
9. me
10. warmer，warmer
11. to go，himself
12. difficult
13. more beautiful，farther
14. Congratulations，success
15. careful，careless
16. lucky，lucky
17. past，to post
18. interested
19. to lend
20. saying，helping
四．
1.touch，hammer，put，back
2.is，much，cupboard
3.dinner，of，four，courses，at，restaurant，What，treat
4.languages，speak，speak，only，little，Italian
5.less，careful，than
6.knows，result，of
7.As，usual，got / reached，home
8.makes，an，sound
9.mean，by，make，any
10. As，usual，was，all，smiles，into
11. am，afraid，to，touch
12. make，excuses，for
13. take，too，much，with，you
14. prefer，playing，to，playing
15. don't，agree，to，the，Great，Wall
16. agree / agreed，with，them
17. did，loose
18. on，the，motorbike
19. got，up，late，finished / had，his，breakfast，as，quickly / soon，he，could，hurried，off
20. gate，keeper，didn't，let，in