学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 ——《论语》
Learning is the eye of the mind. 学问是心灵的眼睛。
初二英语（第十一讲）
主讲教师：汤 玮
主审教师：严长胜
【教学内容】
本单元是一个复习单元，对前面六个单元所学的内容进行总结复习。在通过本单元的学习之后，同学们应该能比较熟练地掌握过去进行时态的用法及它与一般过去时的区别；现在完成时的结构与用法及其与一般过去时的区别；形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级等。
【重点归纳】
词汇：film arrive already sweet break spend noisy noisily
forgetful person list
日常交际用语：复习一～六单元的日常交际用语
语法：1、名词变为形容词
2、动词变名词
3、形容词变副词
4、复合词
复习一～六单元的语法项目
【知识讲解】
1、person：意为“人”
名词，意为“人”时可指男人，女人，老人或小孩等。复数形式为persons。当意指一个人时，man或woman比person更常用，指许多人时，people比persons更常用。除非用于公务或不是特指某个人以外，否则person含有轻蔑之意。
例如：Who's this person? 这家伙是谁？
There's a young person to see you. 有个年轻人要见你。
2、go shopping 去买东西，去购物
动词go +另一动词的ing形式表示去进行这一活动。动词do也可以+另一个动词的ing形式表示进行这一活动。
例如：①go shopping/swimming/skating/boating/climbing/sightseeing/dancing
去买东西/游泳/溜冰/划船/登山/观光/跳舞
②do shopping/washing/cooking/reading/speaking/sewing
买东西/洗衣服/煮饭/阅读/训练口语/做缝纫活
3、“I haven't forgotten anything,”she said to herself. “我没有忘记任何东西”她心里想。
Say to oneself：意为“心里想”（=think）不是“自言自语”。“自言自语”是talk to oneself 或think aloud.
例如：I woke up at five o'clock and said to myself, “it's still early.”
我五点钟就醒了，心里想：“还早呢。”
He said to himself,“Did I do anything wrong?”
他心里想：“我有无做错过什么事？”
“I must go to see him this afternoon,”she talked to herself.
“我下午必须去看望他。”她自言自语道。
4、Her mother saw her when she arrived. 当她到达时，她的妈妈看见了她。
arrive, reach, get都有“到达”的意思。但应注意其异同。
①arrive是不及物动词，要接介词in 或at才能跟名词，一般地说，到达大的地方用in，到达小的地方用at。
例如：The foreign visitors arrived in Beijing on Friday morning.
外国游人星期五早上到了北京。
He arrived at the village in the early morning.
他一大早就到达了村庄里。
②reach是及物动词，直接跟地点名词。
例如：They reached the station on time. 他们准时到达火车站。
When did he reach London? 他何时到伦敦的？
③get作“到达”时，也是不及物动词，其后须加介词to才能跟地点名词。
例如：Have we got to the zoo yet? 我们到动物园了吗？
Write to me when you get to Tokyo. 到东京时给我写信。
arrive，reach，get后接地点副词，如here, there, home时均不需要介词。
例如：We arrive (reached, got)here last night. 我们是昨晚到这里的。
When did you reach (arrive, get) home? 你是什么时刻到家的。
5、pay的用法：（过去式为paid）
pay作为及物动词时，表示“付……报酬”、“付款”等意思，其宾语可以是表示人的名词，也可以表示钱的词语。
例如：Have you paid the doctor yet? 医生的酬金付了吗？
You have to pay me first before I do it. 你得在我干以前先付钱。
When will you pay back the money? 你什么时候还这笔钱？
How much did you pay for all these things?
买所有这些东西你一共花了多少钱？
有时也作不及物的动词用，作“付款”、“赔”解。
例如：If you have lost it, I'm afraid you will have to pay for it .
如果你丢了，恐怕你得赔了。
6、spend的用法（过去式为spent）
spend作“花”解，既可以指“花钱”，也可以指“花时间”，它要求用人作主语。可接on +名词或in +动词ing形式，这时in可省去
例如：He spent five dollars on the book. 他买那本书花了5美元。
She had to spend a lot on money of food. 她不得不为买食物花很多钱。
He doesn't spend much time on his homework./（in）doing his homework.
他在做作业上花的时间不多。
She spent the whole afternoon (in)cleaning the windows and floors.
他花了一下午擦洗窗子和地板。
7、What have you done with the library book? 你如何处置从图书馆借来的书？
do with在这里作“处置”、“处理”解。What …do with…?是一种常见的句型，表示“如何处置……？”其问what不可改为how，这种句型往往在译法上较灵活。要紧密依据上下文。
例如：What have you done with their dog? 你把他们的狗怎么处置了？
She didn't know what to do with herself. 她不知如何打发日子。
8、fill和full
fill是动词，译为“填空，填满……，（使）充满，（使）装满”，常有下列用法：
①fill…with…:“用…装满…”例如：
She filled the glass with water.她倒满了一杯的水。
②fill in :“填入（空白、文件等）”例如：
Fill in your name ,please .请填上你的名字。
Fill in the blanks .填入空格/空栏。
③be filled with …:表示一个状态，意为“充满…的”例如：
The room is filled with smoke .屋里浓烟弥漫。
Her eyes were filled with tears .她眼里充满了泪水。
这个意思也可用be full of 来表达，例如：
The room was full of people (was filled with people ).
房间里满是人。
His homework was full of mistakes.（was filled with mistakes.）
他的作业里都是错误。
【同步练习】
一、语音：
1． forgetful A.worker B.worse C.corner D.doctor
2． return A.further B.Saturday C.picture D.sure
3． says A.pay B.today C.Friday D.breakfast
4． while A.pity B.fridge C.polite D.holiday
5． strict A.price B.uncle C.except D.medicine
二、选择：
A． 选择能在意义上替代句中划线部分的词语：
1.Have you ever seen a bird like this ?
A. never B. always C. before D. at any time
2.I've looked around the whole school .This sentence means _______.
A. I enjoy my visit to your school .
B. I've looked everywhere in the school .
C. I've walked all over the school .
D. I've visited every place of the school .
3.The basket was filled with a lot of eggs .
A. full of B. fulled of C. made of D. all of
4.When you have finished reading the book ,you must give it back to the
library .
A. get to B. pay C. come back to D. return
5.I was so tried that I fell asleep in a few minutes .
A. went to sleep B. went to bed C. feel sleepy D. slept
6.The dictionary is very helpful in our study of English .
A. easy B. difficult C. useful D. important
B.综合选择：
1.Sorry ,I can't go with you .I haven't finished my homework ____.
A．already B. too C. yet D. still
2.________did you pay for the fridge ?
A. How many moneys B. How much moneys
C. How many dollars D. How many
3.It _____hard when her family _______the station .
A. was raining ,reached B. rained ,was getting to
C. was raining ,arrived in D. rained ,was arriving to
4.Though I have been in China for a year ,I haven't visited the Great Wall
yet._______
A. So have I B. Neither have I C. So haven't D. Neither did I
5.All the students are ______in the ____story .
A. interesting ,interesting B. interesting ,interested
C. interested ,interested D. interested ,interesting.
6.How much did he ____?
A. spend the book B. buy it C. pay it for D. pay for it
7.I____the film twice ,so I know it quite well .
A. would like to see B. have seen C. already saw D. am going to see
8.We all think ___and help him right now.
A. better to go B. good going C. it better to go D. this better to go
9.When you speak to people, you should be _______.
A. as polite as possible B. as politely as you can
B. as you can as polite D. as polite as you could
10.____was pleased at the happy news .
A. The all city B. Whole the city C. The whole city D. Whole city
11.There will be a talk ____American history this afternoon.
A. with B. at C. on D. in
12.A:Have you seen Li Ping yet ?
B: Yes ,I ____her when she was on her way home .
A. saw B. seen C. have seen D. see
13.______the books to the library?
A. Did you return B. Have you returned
C. Is his friends going to return D. Do you return
14.Mary ,tell Lucy to help ____to some cakes .
A. herself B. yourselves C. themselves D. yourself
15.Teachers should be strict ____their students .
A. to B. in C. with D. about
三、完形填空：
Tom liked to find out how things worked very much .
One morning when young Tom was five ,he went out 1 his playmates. But
no one was in the street .So he went to ask the boy of his neighbor (邻
居).When he walked into the gate of his neighbor’s ,he saw they 2
breakfast .So he 3 wait out of the house .
Suddenly ,he saw a hen sitting in an old basket by the window. He was
4 .Why was she sitting there? What on earth she 5 ?He went over as he was
thinking .The hen was frightened and ran away .Tom sat down and 6
carefully .He put his hands on the eggs ,they were warm .After a while he
saw a young chick climbing out of an egg .He understood that the hen was
hatching (孵鸡).The 7 could make a chick 8 from an egg .So he ran home
quickly ,took out some eggs ,put them in a basket ,sat on them and began
hatching .When his father saw this at noon ,he asked 9 Tom was doing that
for .Tom said _10___.Instead ,he asked his father why he was not able to
hatch chicks while hens could.
1.A.to play B. playing C. to play with D. play with 2.A.had B. had had C. would have D. were still having3.A.has to B. had to C. have to D. must to
4.A.surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly
5.A.was doing B. has done C. did D. does
6.A.saw B. looked at C. found D. watched 7.A.cool B. cold † C. warm D. hot
8.A.comes out B. coming out C. come out D. o come out
9.A.why B. what C. if D. that
10.A.something B. anything C. why D. nothing
四、根据所给单词的第一个字母，填写适当的词，使短文意思完整，句法正确
A shop owner (主人)closed his shop and went home .He was very t but just as he went to bed the telephone r .A man asked ,“What time do you open your shop?” The shop owner was unhappy a this telephone call .He put down the receiver(听筒)w answering and went downstairs to bed .A few minutes l the telephone rang a and the man asked the s question .The shop owner became very a and shouted ,"You needn't ask me when I open the shop ,for I won't let you i !"
"Oh,no ,I don't want to get in. “the man said ,"I want to go o .”
五、用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1.The policeman is helping the parents look for the _______ (lose )child.
2.Her handwriting is much better than ______(I).
3.Jim is a good football ______(play).
4.Look !The students are playing _____(happy)in the park .
5.She looked quite _____(pleasure)to see him again .
6.Do you know the name of the _____(twelve)month of the year ?
六、用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1.________you _______ (read)this story book before ?
2.My mother ______ (go) out .She 's doing shopping in town .
3.The car doesn't move .What ________ I ______ (do)?
4.It was seven in the morning and Li Ping ____(have)some reading at his desk.
5.Let's run and seen who ________(get)to the finishing line first .
6.Little Tom ____(draw)every evening after supper but he _____(not draw )
at the moment .
7."Listen !Who_____(sing)in the next room ?"
"Maybe it is Wang Lin. She likes ____(sing)a lot ."
8.Lucy ____(not finish)her work yet .She _____(do)it now .I ______(be)sure
she ____(finish)it soon. After she ____(finish)it ,we _____(go)swimming
together.
9.The story______(happen)many years ago.
10.At night we can always see him _______(study)in the room .
七、短文改错：（每行必有一错）
Reogina is seventeen year old and she lives in 1)_______________
Los Angeles ,California. She is in her three 2)_______________
year of high school. She is quite and nice . 3)_______________
Reogina has a sister calling German. 4)_______________
Every one loves her and her sister German . 5)_______________
They often compare them. This make Reogina 6)_______________
angry .She doesn't want to like her 7)_______________
sister .She wants to herself . 8)_______________
Reogina loves to swim,dance ,but 9)_______________
ride her bike .In Saturdays she 10)______________
with her friends go for long rides. 11)______________
Sometime they ride a hundred miles in a day. 12)_______________
Reogina wants to be Spanish teacher. 13)______________
She knew Spanish and English very 14)______________
good .Her friends say that teachers 15)_______________
don't make many money .But she says many things 16)______________
in life is more important than money . 17)________________
八、改写同义句：
1.She watched TV after she finished her homework .
She ______ ______ _______ she finished her homework .
2.How much did he pay for the house ?
How much did he ______ ______ the house ?
3.He can't leave now .
He can't leave ______ _____ _____ .
4.The coat is too small .I can't put it on .
The coat is _____ small ____ me _____ put on .
5.Your bike is newer than mine .
My bike isn't _______ _______ _____ yours .
九、将下列句子重新排列组成对话
1.( )A. Do you have any medicine with you ?
( )B. What's the matter ,sir ?
( )C. yes ,it's in my right pocket.
( )D. My heart…
( )E. Oh ,here it is.
( )F. I'll get you some water.
( )G. How are you feeling now ?
( )H. Much better ,thank you.
( )I. Now take the medicine.
2.( )A. Oh!
( )B. What's the matter?
( )C. Be careful next time !
( )D. That's all right .Have you hurt yourself ?
( )E. I broke the cup .
( )F. Sure .
( )G. Tom ,would you please bring me the milk ?
( )H. No, I haven't.
【练习与提示】
一、 1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B
二、A. 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.C
B. 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.A .B 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.D
四、tired , rang , about , without , later ,
again , same , angry, in, out
五、1.lost 2.mine 3.player 4.happily 5.pleased 6.twelfth
六、1.Have ,read 2.has gone 3.shall ,do
4.was having 5.will get 6.draws ,isn't drawing
7.is singing, singing
8.hasn't finished ,is doing ,am ,will finish ,finishes ,will go
9.happened 10.study
七、1.year→years 2.three→third 3.quite→quiet 4.calling→called
5.Every one→Everyone 6.make→makes 7.to与like间加be
8.to后加be 9.but→and 10.In→On 11.go→goes
12.Sometime→Sometimes 13.be后加a 14.knew→knows
15.good→well 16.many→much 17.is→are
第十一行，She with her friends go for long rides这个句子中，with her friends
是主语she 的补语，真正的主语是she ，所以go应改为goes，又如：Tom ,with
two of his friends goes fishing every Sunday .
八、1.didn't watch TV until
2.spend on (buying)
3.at the moment
4.too ,for ,to
5.as new as
九、1、B、D、A、C、E、F、I、G、H
2、G、F、A、B、E、D、H、C、