初二英语同步辅导教材（第35讲）
主讲：王瑞卿（南京外国语学校 高级教师）
Unit 23-2 A famous person
（Lesson 91---Lesson 92）
主要内容
1. 习语：
1) play jokes on sb. 和某人开玩笑
2) check tickets 查票
3) decide to do sth. 决定做某事
4) give away 送掉，分发
5) give a lecture 作讲座
2. 语法
冠词的基本用法（定冠词，不定冠词）
学习指导
1. …but I’m not sure what to buy for him. …但我没定下来买什么给他。
what to buy for him相当于what I should buy for him。英语中常用特殊疑问词+to do的结构在句中作主语，宾语等，它往往被看成是一个从句的缩略形式。
e.g. I don’t know how to do it.我不知道如何做这件事。
（=I don’t know what I should do.）
When to start is still not clear. 什么时候出发还不很清楚。
（=When we should start is not clear.）
2. I’m sure he’ll be pleased if you buy him a Liverpool football T-shirt. 我相信如果
你给他买一件利物浦队球衣的话, 他会很高兴的。
pleased (adj.) 满意的，高兴的 （形容人的感受）
e.g. We are very pleased with her decision. 我们对她的决定很满意。
I am very pleased to see you again. 我很高兴再次看见你。
比较：pleasant (adj.) 令人愉快的 （形容事情本事）
e.g. We spent a pleasant day in the countryside. 我们在乡下度过了愉快的
一天。
She has a pleasant voice. 她有着悦耳的声音。
3. I’m not sure if that’s a good idea. 我不确定那是不是一个好注意。
此句中if引导宾语从句，相当于whether，表示“是否”
e.g. She asked if that was enough. 她问那是否够了。
He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. 他问吉尔伯特先生的手术是否成功,医生告诉他,手术是成功的。
Ask if he plans to come to the meeting. 问问他是否要来参加会议。
比较：if作状语的情况
e.g. If that is true, what should we do? 假设那是真的我们该怎么办呢?
If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。
4. The disease is called TB. 这种病就是肺结核。
TB是肺结核tuberculosis的缩写
disease (n.) 疾病（可数或不可数）
e.g. The job of doctors is to prevent and cure diseases. 医生的工作就是防止和治疗疾病。
He caught a disease of the eyes. 他患上了眼病。
be called 被认为
e.g. Mark Twin was called a writer who understood boys. 马克.吐温被称为了解男孩子们的作家。
Nothing can be called unknowable.没有什么事物可以认为是不可知的。
5. So Bill Gates decided to buy the medicine for them. 所以比尔˙盖茨决定给他们买药。
decide to do sth. 决定做某事 相当于make up one’s mind to do sth.
e.g. The boy decided not to become a sailor. 那孩子决定将来不当水手。
I have not decided where to go. 我还没有决定去哪里。
He decided to go himself. 他决定亲自去。
She has made up her mind to do better next time. 她决心下次做得更好些。
6. He gave away 21 billion dollars. 他捐赠了210亿美元。
give away 送掉，分发，泄漏
e.g. She gave away some of her clothes to the poor. 她把自己的一些衣服送给穷人。
He gave away the secret on purpose. 他故意泄漏了秘密。
复习部分give词组：give back归还
e.g. When will you give me back my book? 你什么时候把我的书还给我？
give in投降
e.g. At last the enemy had to give in. 最后敌人只好投降了。
give up投降，停止，放弃
e.g. The suspects gave themselves up. 这些嫌疑犯投降了。
He decides to give up smoking. 他决定戒烟。
After all these unhappy experiences, I gave up all hope. 经过这么多不愉
快的事情后，我放弃了所有的希望。
7. I am a very lucky man. 我是一个很幸运的人。
lucky (adj.) 幸运的 反义词为unlucky (adj.) 不幸的
e.g. I was lucky that I met you here. 我在这儿见到你真走运。
I was very lucky to get a copy so cheap. 我这么便宜地买到一本,真是幸运极了。
8. I’m not sure, either. 我也不确定。
either 两者之一，也（不）
e.g. I haven't read it and my brother hasn't either. 我没有读过，我兄弟也没读过。
If you don't go, I won't either. 如果你不去,我也不去。
There's coffee or tea - you can have either. 咖啡或茶─你可以任选一种。
Is either of the sisters coming? 这俩姐妹中有哪个要来吗?
9. He also liked to play jokes on his friends. 他也喜欢开朋友的玩笑。
joke (n.) 笑话, 玩笑 play jokes on sb. 开某人玩笑
e.g. Our teacher told us a joke today. 我们老师今天给我们讲了一个笑话。
We all played a joke on him. 我们大家开了他一个玩笑。
The accident was no joke. 这场事故可不是儿戏。
joke (v.) 说笑话, 开玩笑
e.g. I didn't mean that seriously — I was only joking. 我不是那个意思，我不过是开个玩笑。
You mustn't joke with him about religious belief. 有关宗教信仰的事你决不可和他开玩笑。
10. He likes to lie on the floor under the seat. 他喜欢躺在椅子底下。
lie (vi.) 躺，位于(lay, lain); 说谎 (lied, lied)
e.g. He was lying in the shade of the tree. 他正躺在树荫下。
She lay down on her bed. 她躺在床上。
The factory lies to the west of town. 工厂在小镇的西边。
I'm sorry I lied to you. 我很抱歉向你撒了谎。
巩固练习：
I.选出划线部分读音与其他三个不同的选项：
( )1. A. shirt B. dirty C. fire D. skirt
( )2. A. disease B. please C. spoons D. expensive
( )3. A. country B. mountain C. enough D. lunch
( )4. A. strange B. single C. handbag D. get
( )5. A. grade B. message C. say D. great
II. 根据英文解释写出单词（单词首字母已给出）：
1. c_____________ (person who collects tickets on the train or bus)
2. f_____________ (interesting, making people laugh)
3. p_____________ (happy, satisfied)
4. d_____________ (illness)
5. j______________ (sth. to make people laugh, such as an amusing story)
III. 翻译下列词组及短语：
1. 对足球感兴趣 ________________________________
2. 决定帮助人们治疗肺结核 ________________________________
3. 分送 ________________________________
4. 开朋友玩笑 ________________________________
5. 检票 ________________________________
6. 躺在地板上 ________________________________
7. 作讲座 ________________________________
8. 躲在床底下 _________________________________
IV. 选择填空：
( )1.She is very kind. She always _______ food to her poor neighbors.
A. gave away B. gives away C. gives up D. gives in
( )2.Don’t be that serious. I was just playing a _______ you.
A. laugh with B. laugh on C. joke on D. joke with
( )3.After the failure, she decides _______ for his help.
A. to ask B. asking for C. to look D. looking for
( )4.I do not know _______.
A. how to do B. what to do it C. how I do D. what to do
( )5.---Tom isn’t tall.
---Jim isn’t, ______.
A. too B. either C. or D. neither
( )6.There are ________ people in the square.
A. two hundreds B. two hundred of C. hundreds of D. hundred of
( )7.Jim, will you be free this afternoon? I hope that you can help _______English.
A. my B. studying C. to study D. me with
( )8.Well, I am not sure _______ this plan will work.
A. that B. if C. when D. what
( )9.There are not _______ in the room.
A. enough seats B. seats enough C. very seats D. much seats
( )10.Sam _____ under the tree to have a rest.
A. lied B. lay C. lain D. lying
V. 用适当的介词填空：
1. Martin, you shouldn’t play jokes ________ your classmates.
2. He was too tired to walk any further, so he lay _________ the ground.
3. Bill Gates has given __________ a lot of money to the poor.
4. She always helps me __________ maths.
5. Are you interested _______ music?
VI. 选择适当的短语，用其正确形式填空:
be called, play jokes on, decide to, how about, give away, in the end, be sure
1. He ________________________ become a doctor when he was 10.
2. He realized his dream __________________________.
3. This kind of flower _________________________ rose.
4. ___________________ this pair of shoes? I ___________________ it suits you.
5. Sometimes it is not right ____________________ old men.
6. The hospital _________________ a lot of medicine to the sick people in the west.
VII. 完成下列各句：
1. 我不确定他是否会帮助你。
I am _____ ________ _____ he ______ help you.
2. 他今天运气不好。大家都开他的玩笑。
He is very _______ today. Everybody _____ _________ _________ ______ him.
3. 这种疾病每年使好几百万人丧生。
This ______ kills _______________ ___________ people every year.
4. 我不知道明天什么时候出发。
I do not know _________ _________ _________ tomorrow.
5. 他决定帮助她学物理。
He __________ _____ help _________ _________ physics.
6. 他认为把钱分送给穷人是对的。
He thinks that _____ _____ right _____ ________ ______ money to the poor.
VIII. 冠词填空：
It was Mary’s birthday. She received ____ letter from her uncle who was ____ farmer.
“Dear Mary,” _____ letter said, “Happy Birthday! I am sending you some chickens. They will arrive tomorrow. I hope you like them. Best wishes, Uncle Toby.”
Mary was very happy. She liked eating eggs and she liked eating chicken. “I can keep the chickens for their eggs or eat them.” she thought.
When ____ chickens arrived ____ next day, they were in ____ box. Mary was very excited. She took ___ box off ____ back of ____ truck and began to carry it into her garden.
However, ____ box of chickens was heavy and she dropped it. The box fell to ____ ground and broke. _____ chickens all ran out.
IX. 阅读理解：
Different countries have different food. If you go to England, you may find many fish and chip shops along the streets. Fish and chips is the most popular take-away food in England. People often have this kind of food at shops, but sometimes they put the food into paper bags and take it away, or to their work place.
Chinese take-away food is also popular in England, Australia and America, but the most popular take-away food in the USA is fried chicken.
( )1.In England there are many ______ shops.
A. fried chicken B. fish C. chip D. B and C
( )2.In England people put the food into ______.
A. handbags B. paper bags C. plastic bags D. baskets
( )3.The popular take-away food in England is ______.
A. fried chicken B. fish and chips C. McDonald’s D. KFC
( )4.What is take-away food?
A. Food that you have at shops.
B. Food that you cook yourself.
C. Food that you can take away.
D. Food that costs a little.
( )5.Fried chicken is the most popular take-away food in ______.
A. the USA B. England C. China D. Australia
参考答案：
I. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5.B
II. 1. conductor 2. funny 3. pleased 4. disease 5. joke
III. 1. to be interested in football 2. to decide to help people with TB 3. to give away 4. to play jokes on friends 5. to check tickets 6. to lie on the floor 7. to give a lecture 8. to hide under the bed
IV. 1. B 2. C 3. A to ask for sth. 请求 4. D what to do指做什么，如何做应为how to do it 5. B 6. C hundred用法：有具体数字，hundred不加s，如：twelve hundred people；表示好几百，用several hundred，如：several hundred people；表示成百上千，用hundreds of，如：hundreds of flowers 7. D help sb. with sth. 8. B在此句中，if作是否讲，引导宾语从句 9. A 10. B lie表示意思不同，其过去式和过去分词也不同，参考“学习指导”
V. 1. on 2. on 3. away 4. with 5. in
VI. 1. decided to 2. in the end 3. is called 4. How about, am sure 5. to play jokes on 6. has given away
VII. 1. not sure if, will 2. unlucky, is playing jokes on 3. disease, millions of 4. when to start 5. decides to, her with 6. it is, to give away
VIII. 1. a 2. a 3. the 4. the 5. the 6. a 7. the 8. the 9. the 10. the 11. the 12. The
IX. 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A