一. 本周教学内容：
高三英语书面表达讲解与训练
二. 重点、难点：
1. 牢记要求－－如何写好书面表达的具体要求
2. 了解问题－－分析学生书面表达常出现的错误
3. 基础练习－－如何写出好的句子
如何写好书面表达之具体要求
紧扣主题，内容完整
确定主题，与主题无关的内容可省略。完成书面表达画面及文字所要求的内容。
语言准确、表达清楚。
要用你掌握了的词、短语及句型等表达出正确的英语，切不可写出汉语式的英语。时态错误和不完整的句子被视为“严重错误”。
行文连贯，构成语篇
语篇连贯的标准：（1）通顺（2）恰当使用衔接词（3）时态、人称和数要前后一致（4）上下文逻辑关系清楚
丰富句式，生动精彩
衡量一篇文章的好与差，除了要看写明要点、行文连贯和表达清楚外，更注重看考生能否用词准确、生动精彩。句子的长短变化和句子结构的变化。
字迹清晰，卷面整洁
字迹优美，卷面整齐是直接影响评分因素之一。
分析学生书面表达常见错误
（1）动词与主语关系不清
误：I saw an old man going out of City Park and was about to cross Park Road.
正：I saw an old man going out of City Park and he was about to cross Park Road.
误：But the car ran off immediately instead of stopping to apologize to the man.
正：But the driver drove off immediately instead of stopping to apologize to the man.
误：The park should charge the entrance fee.
正：The entrance fee should be charged for parks.
正：People should pay for the entrance fee if they go to the parks.
（2）句子之间的逻辑关系不清
误：It hit the old man down but the driver, a woman, didn’t stop her car.
Finding she had caused an accident, the woman sped her car to flee away. The old man and I saw the car’s number. It’s AC864. The old man couldn’t move so I decided to help him.
正：It hit the old man down but the driver, who was a woman, didn’t stop her car. Finding she had caused an accident, the woman sped her car to flee away. Fortunately, I saw the car’s number. It’s AC864. Noticing the old man couldn’t move, I decided to help him.
（3）过多的长句使句子复杂化，单一化。
范例1
修改前：
A famous sportsman was giving a speech which was very interesting.
修改后：
A famous sportsman was giving a very interesting speech.
范例2
修改前
It was about 7:15 am when I reached the place where was just opposite to the gate of the park. I saw a gentleman came out of the park. It seemed that he was ready to come across the road. Suddenly a motorcar appeared in front of him. The car came from the 3rd street, which was driven extremely fast from north to south. When it turned right, it knocked down the gentleman. To my surprise, the driver in the yellow car, who was a lady, didn’t stop for a while. Instead, she drove away to west quickly. But fortunately, the gentleman, who was not badly hurt, and me still had time to recognize the number of the car. It was AC864.
本文句式缺少变化，除了有几处用词错误外，复合句尤其是定语从句使用过多，使文章语言不简洁。
修改后：
It was about 7:15 am when I reached the place opposite to the gate of the park. At the moment, I saw a gentleman coming out of the park. It seemed that he was ready to cross the road. Suddenly a motorcar coming from the 3rd street appeared in front of him, running extremely fast from north to south. When it turned right, it knocked down the gentleman. To my surprise, the young lady the driver in the yellow car, didn’t stop for a while. Instead, she drove away to the west quickly. Fortunately, the gentleman was not badly hurt, and I still had time to note down the number of the car. It was AC864.
范例3
修改前：
Nowadays, some people are still cutting down trees without permission. The air pollution is becoming more and more serious which is caused by buses and cars. What’s more, so many rivers are polluted by dirty water which is from factory. In addition, sandstorm struck us now and then, from which we suffered a lot.
本篇短文过多地使用定语从句，句子过长，因果不当。使文章读起来不畅，句式也过于单调。
修改后：
Nowadays, some people are still cutting down trees without permission. As a result, people have to suffer sandstorms now and then. What’s more, as buses and cars give off a lot of poisonous gases, the air is getting dirtier and dirtier. Moreover, there are many rivers polluted by dirty water from factories.
The situation is becoming more and more serious.
（4）过于简单的句子使文章缺少逻辑性，可读性。
范例1
修改前：
Yesterday, there was a policeman in the street. He stopped a car. The car was at the corner. It looked like a Honda. There was a boy on the sidewalk. He was riding his bicycle. The bicycle was a two-wheeler. The car nearly knocked down the boy.
修改后：
Yesterday, a policeman stopped a car－Honda at the corner of the street, because it nearly knocked down a boy who was riding a two-wheel bicycle on the sidewalk.
范例2
修改前：
Suddenly, a car run quickly from the third street and turned to the west. The car didn’t stop and hit the old man. The driver didn’t stop and have a look. The car ran away quickly. The car was yellow and the driver was a woman.
修改后：
Suddenly, a car turned west from the 3rd Street to the Park Road. It hit the old man, but it didn’t stop and ran away quickly. I noticed the car was yellow and the driver was a woman.
如何提高书面表达能力写出好句子：
好句子的标准应是：用词准确、逻辑清晰、简洁明了、可读性强。
【模拟试题】
（1）学会运用复合句
复合句包括：名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句
用复合句增强句子之间的逻辑关系，使你的句子变得紧凑
一. 根据句子之间的关系，用正确的连词使其成为复合句。
1. Children grow older. They prefer to be more independent rather than be at the mercy of their parents.
2. I was very excited. I couldn’t express myself in words.
3. We will have a further discussion. We draw a final conclusion.
4. The economy in this area is developing rapidly. The qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.
5. You are allowed to drive my car. You should drive carefully and slowly.
6. The teacher had read my composition. He gave me his opinion.
7. You have got the secret. Please don’t spread it in public.
8. They arrived at the farm. They were welcomed by the farmers.
9. The International Red Cross is an organization. Its purpose is to help the sick and the needy.
10. I decided to find a job. I could earn the money.
（2）学会运用非谓语动词
用非谓语动词使你的句子简洁。
二. 运用非谓语动词完成下列句子：
1. Most of the artists who had been invited to the party were from South Africa.
2. The prices of the computers which are being shown here are still unknown.
3. After he had been deserted by his guide, he couldn’t find his way through the jungle.
4. Nowadays the old people often do morning exercise in the park in order that they could keep healthy.
5. The church was built in 1829. It is the oldest European structure.
6. Jane was disturbed by the noise. She turned off the radio.
7. Gary was tired. He decided to go to bed.
8. As I felt hungry, I decided to walk to the shop and buy some food.
9. I sent him an e-mail and hoped to get further information about SARS.
10. As soon as I entered the classroom, I found all my classmates were busy studying
（3）学会句式的变化
用不同的表达方法来丰富你的句式
三. 改写句子，填入适当的词使句意与原句意义相同。
1. It was not long before he had to leave for another place.
_________ ________, he was _________ to move on.
2. The room is so small that we can’t put the piano in it.
The room is _________ small _________ us __________ put the piano ________.
3. By chance I met an old friend of mine that day.
I _____ ______ _______ an old friend of mine that day.
______ happened ______ I ________ an old friend of mine that day.
4. That was because we were not careful enough.
That was ______ ________ our ________.
5. We think that it is our duty to take care of these young trees.
We think that ________ our duty ________ _________ care of these young trees.
6. When I was a child, I often played here.
_______ a boy, I _____ ______ _______ here.
7. I was walking aimlessly through the street when I saw a tailor’s shop.
I was _____ through the street when I ______ _______ _______ a tailor’s shop.
8. Hearing the news, he hurried home.
____ he heard the news, he went home _____ _______ _______.
9. He never hesitates to help others.
He always helps others ______ any ___________.
10. The young man came in, who was holding a book in his hand.
The young man came in, _______ _______ ________ in his hand.
11. The windows need cleaning.
The windows need _______ _______ _________.
12. It seemed that they were talking about something important.
They seemed _______ ______ _________ about something important.
13. It’s time for us to discuss this problem.
It’s time that we ______ _________ this problem.
14. The foreign visitors were warmly welcomed at the airport.
The foreign visitors were given ______ ________ _________ at the airport.
15. With the help of the map, we found the place without any trouble.
With the help of the map, we ______ _______ trouble ______ finding the place.
16. As I was tired out, I went to sleep soon.
_______ tired out, I _______ ________ soon.
17. People said he would invite Mr. Brown to dinner
______ ________ _________ that he would invite Mr. Brown to dinner.
He ______ ______ ________ invite Mr. Brown to dinner.
18. Good pronunciation is very important.
Good pronunciation is of _______ ________.
19. I ran to school so quickly that I could hardly breathe when I reached there.
I ran to school so quickly that I was quite ______ _______ ________ when I reached there.
20. I didn’t finish reading the novel until yesterday.
It was _______ _______ yesterday _____ I _______ reading the novel.
Not until yesterday _____ I _______ reading the novel.
21. Although he was quite young, he did it very well.
Quite young ______ ______ _______, he did it very well.
22. She had to sell her house. That was the only way out for her.
She had no _______ ________ sell her house.
23. He went to study at a college at the age of 18.
When _____ ______ _______, he went to study at a college.
24. What surprised me greatly was to find she was such a fine swimmer.
______ my ________ surprise, I ________ she was such a fine swimmer.
25. “Mary, do you agree with me? ”John asked.
John asked Mary ______ she _________ with him.
26. My brother has been in the army for three years.
It _______ three years ________ my brother ________ the army.
My brother _______ the army three years _________.
27. She said to me, “Don’t forget to ring him up tomorrow morning. ”
She ______ me _______ _________ forget to ring him up the ________ morning.
28. We left early so that we shouldn’t be late for the meeting.
We started out early ______ _______ _______ _______ be late for the meeting.
29. Look round before you cross the street.
Look round _______ ________ the street.
30. Work hard and you will succeed.
____ ________ work hard, you will succeed.
【试题答案】
一.
1. When children grow older, they prefer to be more independent rather than be at the mercy of their parents.
2. I was so excited that I couldn’t express myself in words.
3. We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.
4. Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.
5. You are allowed to drive my car on condition that / as long as you should drive carefully and slowly.
6. After the teacher had read my composition, he gave me his opinion.
7. If you have got the secret, please don’t spread it in public.
8. The moment / as soon as they arrived at the farm, they were welcomed by the farmers.
9. The International Red Cross is an organization whose purpose is to help the sick and the needy.
10. I decided to find a job so that I could earn the money.
二.
1. Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
2. The prices of the computers being shown here are still unknown.
3. Having been deserted by his guide, he couldn’t find this way through the jungle.
4. Nowadays the old people often do morning exercise in the park to keep healthy.
5. The church built in 1829 is the oldest European structure.
6. Disturbed by the noise, Jane turned off the radio.
7. Being tired, Gary decided to go to bed.
8. Feeling hungry, I decided to walk to the shop and buy some food.
9. I sent him an e-mail, hoping to get further information about SARS.
10. Entering the classroom, I found all my classmates were busy studying
三.
1. Before long, forced 2. too, for, to , in
3. Happened to meet / It, that, met
4. because of, carelessness 5. it, to take
6. As, used to play
7. wandering, caught sight of
8. After / When, in a hurry
9. without, hesitation 10. holding / with, a book
11. to be cleaned 12. to be talking
13. should discuss / discussed
14. a warm welcome
15. had no …in
16. Being, fell asleep
17. It was said / was said to 18. great importance
19. out of breath
20. not until, that, finished / did, finish
21. as he was 22. choice but to
23. he was 18 24. To, great, found
25. if, agreed 26. is, since, joined / joined, ago
27. told, not to, next 28. so as / in order not to
29. before / when / while crossing 30. If you