高三英语Ⅶ.时态和语态
1.
—Sorry, Joe. I didn't mean to...
— Don't call me “Joe”. I'm Mr Parker to you, and _______you forget it!
A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't
【解析】 考感叹疑问句的用法。其形式虽是疑问，实则表示感叹。它多以否定词Don't开头并以感叹号结尾，其表达的意义则是肯定。译文：“对不起，乔，我的意思不是……”，“不要叫我乔。对你来说我是帕克先生，你可不要忘了!”答案为D。
2.
All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness ________.
A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown
【解析】 考动词时态。从题干中可看出(waited)事情发生在过去，而且主句和从句的动作是同时发生的，因而只能选C，不可选D。译文：整个上午她都在等着大夫的体检报告，不安的心情与时俱增。
3.
Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ________ fresh for several days.
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
【解析】 考时态和语态。stay在此为系动词，与will一起构成将来时，表示即将发生的动作或状态。译文：为什么你没有把肉放在冰箱里?(在冰箱里)它可以保鲜好几天。答案为B。
4.
At this time tomorrow ________ over the Atlantic.
A. we're going to fly B. we'll be flying
C. we'll fly D. we're to fly
【解析】 考查时态。情景提示在句子开头at this time tomorrow，表示将来某一点的时间正在进行的动作，用将来进行时。形式是shall/will be doing。考生对这一时态可能比较陌生，但对现在进行时和过去进行时比较熟悉，可运用已有知识推断出正确答案。答案为B。
5.
—_________David and Vicky_________married?
—For about three years.
A. How long were…being B. How long have…got
C. How long have…been D. How long did…get
【解析】 考查时态。从答语For about three years判断，该题问的是动作持续了多久，用现在完成时，排除A、D选项。get married强调的是结婚这一动作，不能延续，排除B。be married表示已婚的状态，可以延续。答案为C。
6.
The news came as no surprise to me.I_________for some time that the factory was going to shut down.
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
【解析】 考查时态。句意：我对这个消息一点都不感到吃惊，我早就知道这家工厂将会关闭的。know这一动作先于came这一过去的动作发生，用过去完成时。答案为A。
7.
It is believed that if a book is _________it will surely_________ the reader.
A. interested...interest B. interesting...be interested
C. interested...be interesting D. interesting...interest
【解析】 interesting与interested都是形容词，但interesting主语是物，一般说sth interesting,interested主语是人，一般说be interested in sth.故此题应为teresting，interest是动词形式，意为“吸引，使感兴趣”。答案为D。
8.
I thought Jim would say something about his school report,but he _________it .
A. doesn't mention B. hadn't mentioned
C. didn't mention D. hasn't mentioned
【解析】 根据作者的语气判断，这里描述的是一种过去发生的情况，应该用过去时态，并未强调对过去或现在造成什么影响，因此用一般过去时态。答案为C。
9.)
—When will you come to see me, Dad?
—I will go to see you when you ________ the training course.
A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish
【解析】 考查从句中的时态。英语中状语从句通常用一般现在时或现在完成时表示一般将来时。同理，用一般过去时或过去完成时表示过去将来，其它如主、定等从句不受限制。在when引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词要用一般现在时。答案为D。
10.
—How long ________at this job?
— Since 1990.
A. were you employed B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed D. will you be employed
【解析】 since后可加过去时间，也可加从句，从句中要用一般过去式，而主句要用现在完成式。根据Since 1990可确定为现在完成时。答案为B。
11.)
With the rapid growth of population, the city ________in all directions in the past five years.
A. spreads B. as spread C. spread D. had spread
【解析】根据时间状语“in the past five years”可以知道这个动作发生在以现在为立足点的时间轴的过去，且这个动作对现在有影响可判断为现在完成时。答案为B。
12.
The silence of the library __________only by the sound of pages being turned over.
A. has been broken B. breaks C. broke D. was broken
【解析】 从题意可看出图书馆的安静是由翻书声被打破的，要用被动，排除B、C，再从“being turned over”看出不必用完成时，排除A。答案为D。
13.
By the end of last year,another new gymnasium_________ in Beijing.
A. would be completed B. was being completed
C. has been completed D. had been completed
【解析】 如：by意为“到……为止”。by后加过去时间，主句用过去完成时，如by后加现在时间，用现在完成时，如by后加将来时，主句要用将来完成时。by the end of last year常与过去完成时连用。表示到过去某个时候前已完成的动作。答案为D。
14.
When and where to go for the onsalary holiday_________ yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
【解析】 根据副词yet可确定用现在完成时，可排除A、C；不定式，动名词及从句作主语，谓语动词按单数处理，when and where to do sth.表示单数，要用has not been decided。答案为D。
15.
— You haven't said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
— I'm sorry I _______ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it's pretty on you.
A. wasn't saying B. don't say C. won't say D. didn't say
【解析】 由于在问句中既使用了现在完成时，又使用了一般现在时，使一些考生产生了误解。现在完成时表示过去发生的事对现在造成的影响，过去对新大衣没做任何评价，造成的影响是对方不知道究竟对新大衣是什么看法，所以要用一般过去时didn't say。sooner表示“快，早”，不表示“将来”，所以不能选won't say。答案为D。
16. I wonder why Jenny _______us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn't written B. doesn't write C. won't write D. hadn't written
【解析】 时间状语recently常与现在完成时连用。We should have heard from her by now.的意思是“目前我们应该收到她的信了。”一些考生把should have heard from her理解成“本来不该收到她的信而收到了”，发生了错误。should在这里用于表示可能性、估计、猜测或推论，如：They should have arrived at the station now.他们现在该抵达车站了。答案为A。
17. The little girl ________her heart out because she ________ her toy bear and believed she wasn't ever going to find it.
A. had cried;lost B. cried;had lost C. has cried;has lost D.cries;has ost
【解析】 根据所提供的情境she wasn't ever going to find it可以确定“哭”的动作发生在过去。丢失玩具熊是“哭”的原因，发生在“哭”之前，所以要用过去完成时。答案为B。
18.
—Excuse me,sir. Would you do me a favor?
—Of course.What is it?
—I ________if you could tell me how to fill out this form.
A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder
【解析】 What is it?用了一般现在时，给试题增加了一定的难度。按常理答案应为“I wonder if…，但无此选项。A、C不合题意；D项用了did作强调，从上下文看没此必要，这里用过去进行时表示提出请求前的想法。在这个句子中用过去进行时表示在对方问话之前自己正在想的事。答案为B。
19. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _______from the university next year.
A. will graduate B. will have graduated
C. graduates D. is to graduate
【解析】 by the time 后接定语从句，省略了关系副词when。在这种定语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。译文：到明年他毕业之前，已经学了八年英语。答案为C。
20. John and I _______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _______each other a couple of times before that.
A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seen
C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen
【解析】 前者与一段时间状语for 8 years连用，用现在完成时；后者表示在一次晚会上认识之前就见过，是过去的过去，用过去完成时。答案为D。
21. This is Ted's photo. We miss him a lot. He _______trying to save a child in the earthquake.
A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing
【解析】 从上下文知Ted已经死了发生在过去，对于动词kill来说，应用被动，所以要用被动语态的一般过去时。答案为C。
22.
—How are the team playing?
—They're playing well, but one of them _______hurt.
A. got B. gets C. are D. were
【解析】 one of+名词复数或代词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以排除C和D。got hurt“受伤”，get后接过去分词表示被动。受伤的事发生在过去，要用一般过去时。答案为A。
23. Rainforests _______and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
【解析】 这句话的意思是“雨林正在以那么快的速度被砍伐和烧掉以至于在不久的将来它们将会消失。”从句子的语境they will disappear from the earth in the near future可以判断，要用被动语态的现在进行时。表示现在正在发生的事对将来可能造成的影响。答案为C。
24. How I wish every family _______ a large house with a beautiful garden!
A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
【解析】 wish后接从句常用虚拟语气，表示这只是说话人的一种愿望。具体用法：如果从句中动作与现在事实相反应用过去式，与将来事实相反用would/could+动词原形；与过去事实相反用过去完成式或would/could+have done。译文：我多么希望每个家庭都住上带有漂亮花园的大房子。答案为B。
25. It _______ long before we _______ the result of the experiment.
A. will not be…will know B. is…will know
C. will not be…know D. is…know
【解析】 这句话的意思是“我们将在不久知道试验的结果。”所以要用一般将来时。It will not be long是主句，意思是“不久”；在before引导的时间状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。答案为C。
26.
Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because echnology_________ so rapidly.
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
【解析】 句中的谓语动词部分……is no easy task，谓语动词表示一种“含此刻在内的广泛意义上的现在时间”，状语从句中说明原因为“技术更新变化迅速”，应采用现在进行时，表示一种“持续变化”的状态，体现了“变化；趋势；发展和进展”。答案为A。
27. I_________ping pong quite well,but I haven't had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
【解析】 从常识看，一个人一旦获得了某种技能，这种技能就会保持很长一段时间，而不因短期内不训练而失去，虽然“我”今年没有时间训练，但乒乓球一直打得很好，要用一般现在时态。答案为D。
28. Visitors_________ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested
【解析】 request意为“要求”，是及物动词(及物动词的特点是：要么带宾语，要么用被动(无宾语时))。这句话的意思是参观者被要求不能触摸展览品，所以要用被动。答案为D。
29. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
【解析】 在if引导的状语从句中，从句用现在时，主句用一般将来时；而且主语是jobs，所以谓语动词要用被动语态。答案为B。
30.
I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I _______ my mum.
A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken
【解析】 用现在进行时表示将来的情况。答案为A。
31. A new cinema _______here. They hope to finish it next month.
A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built
【解析】 根据They hope to finish it next month.说明电影院还在建设之中，所以从时态上讲是进行时；另外从语态上讲为被动语态。答案为D。
32.
The new suspension bridge ________ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed B. had been designed
C. was designed D. would be designed
【解析】 在含有by引导的时间状语的句子中，谓语动词要用过去完成时。译文：到上月为止已完成了吊桥设计。答案为B。
33. If a man ________succeed, he must work as hard as he can.
A. will B. is to C. is going to D. should
【解析】 状语从句中不能用将来时，如强调意愿，可用will；如强调某种决心，意向，要用be to do sth.表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性等。译文：如果一个人想成功，他必须尽力而为。所以要用is to succeed的形式。答案为B。
34.
—You've left the light on.
—Oh , so I have ._________ and turn it off.
A．I'll go B．I've gone C．I go D．I'm going
【解析】 先排除B，因它与and后的turn it off讲不通；从上下文看灯还没关，所以他将去关掉它，故C排除；A和D均表将来，但will注重纯粹时间上的将来，而be going to则强调计划和打算，再说和turn off不并列，只有A最准确。答案为A。
35.
—How are you today?
—Oh , I__________as ill as I do now for a very long time.
A．didn't feel B．wasn't feeling C．don't feel D．haven't felt
【解析】 现在完成时表示从过去的某个时候开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。从句子的意思可知，从过去某个时候开始，已经病了很长时间了。答案为D。
36. The reporter said that the UFO___________east to west when he saw it.
A．was traveling B．travelled C．had been traveling D．was to travel
【解析】 叙述报告者当时看到UFO的情景，要用过去进行时。答案为A。
37. My uncle ________ until he was forty five.
A. married B. didn't marry C. was not marrying D. would marry
【解析】 选用句型“… until”或“not … until”的关键是判断谓语动词是否可延续，如可延续就用“… until”；反之，用“not … until”。动词marry(与……结婚，要……；嫁给……)是非延续性动词，所以要用didn't marry填写。答案为B。
38. If only he ________quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D.should lie
【解析】 “If only…”表示虚拟语气；“he would not suffer so much now”中“now”表示现在的状况。这样，条件部分就是与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时表示。答案为C。
39. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon ________to his old ways.
A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned
【解析】 比较两个并列句的时态可知，都表示过去发生的事，所以要用一般过去时。答案为A。
40.
—You're drinking too much.
—Only at home. No one ________ me but you.
A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw
【解析】 从句子的意思可知，此人爱喝酒是一种习惯，表示经常性的动作，所以要用一般现在时。故排除B、D；又从only at home可知他总是在家喝，所以每次喝时就只有“你”看见了。答案为C。
41. All the preparations for the task ________, and we're ready to start.
A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D.have been completed
【解析】 现在完成时表示过去所做的事对现在的影响。从后句and we're ready to start的意思可知，一切准备工作已经就绪，可以开始工作了。答案为D。
42. The price ________,but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down
【解析】 所提供的情境是but I doubt whether it will remain so，说明物价已经下降，要用现在完成时。译文：物价已经下降了，但我怀疑这能持续多长时间。答案为C。
43.
—Hey, look where you are going!
—Oh, I'm terribly sorry. ________.
A. I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing
C. I haven't noticed D. I don't notice
【解析】 表示刚才没有注意到，要用过去进行时。一般现在时表示经常性的动作；现在完成时表示过去所做的事对现在造成的影响或从过去某个时候一直延续到现在的动作，即现在也没有注意到；现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，这三个时态显然不符合句意。答案为B。