高三英语Ⅷ.非谓语动词
A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked
【解析】 考非谓语动词在句中作及物动词被动语态的主语补足语的用法。根据考题的意思，只有厨师在厨房里正吸烟时被发现才能被解雇。因此，只能用现在分词表进行，不能用动词不定式(不定式常表示“具体的”已发生的或未发生的行为)。译文：如果(有人)发现厨师在厨房里吸烟，他就会马上被解雇。答案为B。
The teacher asked us ________ so much noise.
A. don't make B. not make C.not making D. not to make
【解析】 考查不定式用法。在动词ask 后面用不定式作复合宾语，其否定形式是not to do。常见的这类动词还有：tell,warn,order,advise等。答案为D。
_________ time, he'll make a first-lass tennis player.
A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：要是给他时间，他会成为一流的网球运动员。不定式作状语表示目的，排除B。分词作状语要看与主语的关系。句子主语he是give的逻辑宾语，用过去分词。注意当从句主语和主句的主语保持一致时，从句可省略(If he is)，排除A和C项。答案为D。
The discovery of new evidence led to _________.
A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief
C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught
【解析】 lead to这个词组中to是介词，后面跟名词，于是B、D被排除，the thief是动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构，与catch之间应是被动关系，故排除A。常见的带介词to的短语有：(get) be used to, look forward to，look up to, stick to, object to, be devoted to, pay attention to等。答案为C。
5. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _________ clear warnings before firing any shots.
A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
【解析】 order后应接不定式，即order sb to do sth，因此B被排除。又因为issue clear warnings(发出明显警告)的主语是all the soldiers，也就是说all the soldiers是issue的施动者，所以issue要用主动形式，D也被排除。而且句子也没有强调动作对现在造成的影响，不必用完成时态，答案为A。
6.
Mr Smith,_________ of the_________ speech,started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
【解析】 tired of“感到厌倦”，过去分词作状语，常用来形容人；boring“令人厌烦的”，形容词，常用来形容物。所以其中状语可分解为：Mr Smith was tired of the speech.The speech was boring。译文：听烦了乏味的演讲，Mr Smith读起了小说。答案为A。
7.
—Why did you go back to the shop?
—I left my friend _________ there.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits
【解析】 leave sb doing使某人处于某种状态，这一动作持续一段时间。D排除，因此处应用非谓语动词；B、C无持续状态的意思。答案为A。
8.
The manager,_________his factory's products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.
A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known
【解析】 变为定语从句应为“The manager, who knew his factor's products were poor in quality…”know为主动，排除B、D。定语从句变为短语应用分词短语来表示。答案为A。 9.(
The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _________whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
【解析】 原句应为“…and looked as if he was seeing whether he was…”化为简单句就变成“…looked as if to see…”。答案为D。
10.
Friendship is like money : easier made than_________.
A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept
【解析】 西方谚语中，常用单词的相同形式进行表达，made和kept都是过去分词，表示被动。答案为A。
11.
_________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend B. The president to attend
C. The president attended D. The president's attending
【解析】 B项不定式的复合结构应为for sb to do sth，但不能作主语。D项是现在分词复合结构在句子中作主语。答案为D。
12.
Unless_________ to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference.
A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited
【解析】 Unless you are invited to speak,you should remain silent at the conference此主从复合句省略从句的主语和助动词变为简单句：Unless invited to speak，……。答案为A。
13.
She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _________ in making the earth a better place to live.
A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing
【解析】 have a role to do sth.具有做某事的作用。答案为B。
14.
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _______ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen
【解析】 这是一个主语从句。it作形式主语，whether they will enjoy it作真正的主语。remain后接to do sth.作表语。see与主语从句是动宾关系，所以要用to be seen 作remains的表语。答案为B。
15.
The research is so designed that once _______nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
【解析】 once begun在句子中作状语。begin可以作及物动词，意思是“着手”。译文：这项研究设计得那么好，一旦着手研究，就没有什么地方要更改的了。答案为D。
16.
—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and he customers?
—The key ________the problem is to meet the demand ________ by the customers.
A. to solving ;making B. to solving ;made
C. to solve; making D. to solve;made
【解析】 to放在key的后面作介词，后接动名词；过去分词短语made by the customers作demand的定语。make与demand是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词。这句话的意思是“解决问题的关键是满足顾客的要求。答案为B。
17.
In order to gain a bigger share in the international market ,many state run companies are striving _______their products more competitive.
A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made
【解析】 strive to do sth=try to do sth“非常努力做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语，表示努力的目的。译文：为了在国际市场上取得更大的份额，许多国有公司正努力使自己的产品具有竞争性。答案为A。
18.
Quite a few people used to believe that disaster _______if a mirror was broken.
A. was sure of striking B. was sure of having struck
C. was sure to be struck D. was sure to strike
【解析】 be sure of“对……确信，有把握”，主语必须是人。be sure to do sth“就要，一定会”，主语可以是人或物。动词不定式表示将要发生的事，意思是“就要……”。译文：过去很多人都认为如果镜子破了，一定会引起灾难。注意：be+形容词后接不定式的一般式，不用被动式。如：The problem is difficult for us to work out.我们很难做出这个问题。答案为D。
19.
Though _______money ,his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
【解析】 lack是及物动词，后接宾语money。his parents与lack是主谓关系，要用现在分词作状语。译文：虽然缺钱，他的父母亲还是想法让他上了大学。答案为C。
20.
Don't use words, expressions, or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known
【解析】 know 与words, expressions, phrases是动宾关系，要用过去分词作定语，表示被动。having been known是现在分词完成时的被动式不能作定语。译文：不要使用只有具有专业知识的人才知道的词语。答案为D。
21.
_______to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D.After being exposed
【解析】 在非谓语动词中，用动名词或不定式来作主语，而分词和介词短语不能作主语，因此A、D被排除。在这个句子中，will do是谓语，缺少主语，要用动名词作主语。expose与one's skin是动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动式being exposed。译文：在阳光下晒太长时间对人的皮肤有坏处。答案为C。
22.
Prices of daily goods _______through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying
【解析】 goods是动词bought的逻辑宾语，所以用过去分词修饰表被动。答案为B。
23.
In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
【解析】 mean doing sth.的意思是“意味着什么”。mean to do sth.的意思是“打算做什么”。译文：在英国的某些地方，赶不上公共汽车意味着要再等一小时。答案为A。
24.
When _______, the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed
【解析】 complete与museum是动宾关系，要用过去分词completed作状语，表示被动。译文：当这座博物馆建成后，将在明年向公众开放。to be completed作目的状语，不与when连用。答案为A。
25.
With a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
【解析】 动词不定式to settle作difficult problems的定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settle作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在解决的难题。所提供的情境the newly-elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题，所以要用to settle作定语。答案为C。
26.
_________such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered
【解析】 首先确定为主动语态，然后根据already又可判断用完成时。译文：由于已经受到如此严重的污染，现在清理河道可能太晚了。答案为A。
27.
Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears ________ verything.
A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told
【解析】 tell是及物动词，后面要接宾语。因为在这个句子中，tell后面没有宾语，所以要用动词不定式的被动式。又因为知道了一切发生在告诉真相之前，所以要用动词不定式的完成式。译文：一定要把一切真相告诉你妈妈。她看上去已经知道了一切事情。答案为D。
28.
I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.
A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time
【解析】 appreciate后接动名词作宾语。译文：我真的喜欢和你一起在这个迷人的小岛上放松一下。答案为B。
29.
The bell ________the end of the period rang, ________ our heated discussion.
A. indicating…interrupting B. indicated…interrupting
C. indicating…interrupted D. indicated…interrupted
【解析】 the bell在句子中作indicate和interrupt的逻辑主语，所以要用现在分词。答案为A。
30.
_______ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.
A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept
【解析】 用不定式表示具体的目的，sleep late“睡懒觉”。译文：为了下午多睡一会儿，鲍勃关闭了闹钟。答案为A。
31.
One learns a language by making mistakes and _______ them.
A. correct B. correcting C. corrects D. to correct
【解析】 介词by后接动名词，用and连接的两个表示并列成分的非谓语动词形式要一致。答案为B。
32.
Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit
【解析】 该句中的but是介词，后接动词不定式。当谓语动词是do，does或did时，后接不带to的不定式；是其他动词时，后接带to的不定式。该句的谓语是could do nothing，要填动词原形admit。译文：山德不得不向老师承认自己错了。答案为A。
33.
Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D.having set up
【解析】 to devote sth. to后接动名词作宾语。即：devote sth. doing sth.。有的考生把all he had to当成了一个短语，误填了set up。实际上，all he had 作devoted的宾语，是一个宾语从句。译文：利德先生决定用自己所有的一切为贫困儿童建造几所学校。答案为B。
34.
________ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.
A. Giving B. Give C. Given D.To give
【解析】 if you can是条件状语从句。如果把这个句子转为简单句 ________ blood and many lives will be saved.就可以确定这是一个“祈使句+and”的句型。答案为B。
35.
________ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered B . Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered
【解析】 根据状语for years可判断用现在分词的完成时。译文：经受了多年心脏病折磨的痛苦，怀特教授无论走到哪里都不得不随身带着药。答案为C。
36.
I've worked with children before, so I know what _________in my new job.
A． expected B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects
【解析】 在非谓语动词中，疑问词后只接不定式。此句中“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。答案为B。
37.
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _________ the next year.
A．carry out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out
【解析】 that they would like to see是定语从句；carried out 作plan的定语表示被动。答案为C。
38.
They're not very good, but we like ________ .
A. anyway to play basketball with them B. to play basketball with them anyway
C. to play with them basketball anyway D. with them to play basketball anyway
【解析】 动词like后接宾语to play basketball;宾语后接with them ;anyway为副词，用作状语，放在句末。答案为B。
39.
He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope
【解析】 现在分词hoping表示与send me an e-mail同时发生的动作。一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail to get further information.如果要选择“hoped”时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information。“hope”和“sent”作并列谓语。答案为B。
40.
________ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding
【解析】 简单句的主语Harvard与Found是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词短语(Founded in 1636)作状语。答案为C。
41.
The ________ boy was last seen ________ near the East Lake.
A. missing...playing B. missing...play
C. missed...played D. missed...to play
【解析】 本题源自NMET95,25。missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。而missed是miss的过去式，意思是“错过”作谓语，排除C、D。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩。答案为A。
42.
Tony was very unhappy for ________to the party.
A. having not been invited B. not having invited
C. having not invited D. not having been invited
【解析】 invite与Tony构成动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动结构(not having been invited)。not要放在非谓语动词的前面。选项A和C都是错误的形式。答案为D。
43.
The picture ________ on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung
【解析】 is painted在句子中作谓语，所以要填hang的非谓语形式。因为hang+方位的介词短语，hang是不及物动词，非谓语动词不能用被动式表示主动，所以要用现在分词。答案为B。
44.
________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
【解析】 过去分词Given构成的短语在句子中作状语，表示被动。意思是：“在……情况下，考虑到”。译文：考虑到他的健康的一般情况，他手术后需要一段时间才能恢复。答案为A。
45.
Robert is said ________abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study
C. to be studying D. to have been studying
【解析】 所提供的情境what country he studied in表明Robert过去曾在某个国家学习过，所以要填to have studied。动词不定式的完成式表示过去发生的事。答案为A。
46.
The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,________ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make
【解析】 这句话的意思是“新技术的目的是使生活更容易而不是使其更困难。”动词不定式to make life easier和not to make it more difficult都作is的表语。做这类题目时，要比较非谓语动词的形式，两个非谓语动词要保持相同的形式。答案为B。
47.
When I got back home，I saw a message pinned to the door，_______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
【解析】 现在分词作定语修饰a message表示主动，补充说明字条的内容。答案为D。