高考总复习：高一英语--Unit 1
Unit 1 The summer holidays
Lesson 1
1.I must be off/leaving.我该走了。此句常在分手时说，相当于 I must go/leave now。有时还可以在句前加上 I m afraid...，显得语气委婉、有礼貌。例如:
It s too late.I m afraid I must be off.
2.Nice to meet/meeting you.
nice to meet you相当于 I m glad to meet you， 常用作刚见面时的寒暄语;而Nice meeting you.相当于 It s nice meeting you. 常用作分手时道别语，后面往往接着说 Byeˉbye/ Goodˉbye。
3.I ll introduce you.我来给你做个介绍。
此句常在介绍朋友时使用。介绍别人的表达方式还有:
This is Mr/Mrs/Miss....
May I introduce you to...?
I d like you to meet....
自我介绍的方法有:May I introduce myself?I m...
Hello.My name is/I m...
4.What was the nicest part of your holiday in your opinion?在你看来，你的假期哪段时间过得最好?
in one s opinion意为“依……看，在……看来”，用来表示个人的看法和意见，并使自己的看法和意见听起来不那么武断。例如:
1) In my opinion，autumn is the best season in Beijing.
在我看来，秋天是北京最好的季节。
2)In Charlie s opinion，Americans should eat less meat.
查理认为，美国人应该少吃点肉。
3)In the opinion of most people，there will be a good harvest this autumn.大多数人认为，今年秋天应该有个好收成。
5.turn to
turn to在本课意为“转向……，求助于……”，它还有“翻到(书中)……页”的意思。例如:
I turned to the policeman for help.
Please turn to page 85.
6. So was my friend Bob.我的朋友鲍勃也是(去年在中心学校学习)。
这是一句接着上文所说的话。“so+be/have/情态动词/
助动词+主语”结构中的so代替本句和上句中某个相同的成分，意为“……也这样”。如果上句中有be/have/情态动词，so后面仍用它们;如果上句用的是实义动词，so后面动词根据上句时态用do的适当形式。注意此句用倒装语序。例如:
I have had supper.So has he.(= He has had supper，too.)我吃过晚饭了，他也是。
You can speak Japanese.So can I.(= I can also speak it.)你会说日语，我也一样会说.
Lessons2 & 3
1.find out
find out意思为“查明，弄清”，要注意和find的区别。
find意为“发现，找到”，有偶然发现之意。而 find out 有经过调查、询问、了解才发现的意思。例如:
I found my boots under the table.
I m trying to find out her telephone number.
2.employ v.
及物动词，意思为“雇佣，聘请”。注意其相关词形。employer意为“雇主”，employee意为“雇员”。例如:
The company employed two new workers.
The employer is very kind to his employees.
3.go on doing something
go on doing sth.意思为“继续(干某事)，持续不断地(干某事)”，表示一直在做某事，没有做其他事。例如:
Water goes on running along the channels to the river.
They went on talking on the way home.
【注意】它和 go on to do sth.和 go on with sth.的区别。
go on to do sth.表示“(干完某事后)继续干另外一件事”，强调接着干另外一件事;go on doing sth.强调持续干同样一件事; go on with sth.通常情况下，强调在停顿之后继续原来的活动，with后通常接名词。例如:
He went on doing his homework in his room after supper.晚饭后他一直在自己的房间里做家庭作业。
After finishing his homework，he went on to read the text.写完家庭作业后，他又继续读课文。
You must go on with your work.你必须继续你的工作。
4. Although the farm is large，my dad has only two men working for him.尽管农场很大，我父亲只雇佣了两个人干活。
句型have sb.doing sth.意为:让某人做某事;或让某种情况发生。与 have sb.do sth.相近，但前一种结构强调正在进行的动作;后一种结构表示一般意义的动作。例如:
1)Don t forget to have him come.别忘了让他来。
2)We d be pleased to have you work with us.我们很高
兴你能和我们一起工作。
3)I ll have you all speaking English well within a year.
我要让你们在一年内都能讲一口流利的英语。
5.as a result
result意思为“结果”。例如:
I didn t know the results of the final examinations.
as a result(=so)意为“因此”。常在上文表示原因的情况下，用来引导结果。例如:
I got up late.As a result，I was late for class.
(=I got up late， so I was late for class.)
2 as a result of...表示“由于……的结果”，常用在上文表示结果的情况下，引导原因。例如:
As a result of his hard work，he got a pay rise.(= He worked hard.So /As a result，he got a pay rise.)
6.time area
time area(= time zone)意为“时区”，指的是某一标准时适用的地区范围。全球共分为24个时区，即中区、东1ˉ11区、西1ˉ11区和12区。格林尼治子午线为中区标准线，相邻两时区的区时相差一个小时。在任意的两个时区之间，相差几个时区，它们就相差几个小时。其中较东的时区，区时较早。
美国所处的位置在西四区和西八区之间，恰好是五个不同的时区;中国处于东九区到东五区，也是五个不同的时区。但是实际上，为了使用方便，我国大部分地区采用北京所在的东八区的区时，这就是“北京时间”(Beijing time)。
7.Please give my regards/love to your parents.请代我向你父母问好。
这个句子常用于向别人转达问候之意。例如:
Please give my best wishes to your family.
请代我向你全家问好。
Bob sends his best love to your sister.
鲍勃向你的妹妹问好。
例1 单项填空
—Let me introduce myself， I m Albert.
—
A. What a pleasure. B. It s my pleasure.
C. Pleased to meet you.D. I m very pleased.
【解析】 答案为C。
本题考查交际英语。两人初次见面，一方自我介绍后，另一方通常会说“Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet you.”等。
例2 单项填空
Go on the other exercise after you have finished this one.
A. to do B. doing
C. with D. to be doing
【解析】 答案为A。
根据题干中的other可知，说话人是在要“you”做完一件事情后接着去做另外一件事情。
例3 单项填空
He fell off his bike. ， he had to stay at home for several days.
A. In a word B. In other words
C. As a result D. Once in a while
【解析】 答案为C。
卧病在家是从自行车上摔下来的结果，所以该选C。
Unit 2 In the lab
Lesson 5
1.Have you been in this lab before?你们以前进过这个实验室吗?Have(Has) been to意为“到过什么地方”。例如:
I have been to the Great Wall many times.我去过长城多次。
A:Where have you been?你去哪里了?
B:I ve been to the library.我去图书馆了。
Have you ever been abroad before?你以前出过国吗?
【注意】 have(has) been to和 have(has) gone to的区别:have(has) gone to表示:已去某地，或已到达某地。例如:
My husband has gone to London today.我丈夫今天去伦敦了。
It s seven already. All the teachers have gone home.现在已经七点了，所有的老师都回家了。
2. make sure...
make sure表示“务必”，“确信”，“弄明白”，后面常接 of/about sth.或that引导的宾语从句。例如:
Make sure(that) you will arrive there on time.你务必准时到这。
I know there s a train this afternoon， but I must make sure of the time.我知道今天下午有列火车，但我必须弄清楚(发车)时间。
注意:make sure后通常不接不定式。
误:Make sure to shut the windows.
正:Make sure that you shut the windows.
正:Make sure that the windows are shut.
3. first of all
first of all意思为“首先，最重要的”，是first的强调形式，常用于句首。例如: First of all， I d like to say how glad I m here.
I have a lot to say，but first of all，I want to thank you for your warm welcome.
【注意】和at first的区别:
at first意为“开始，起初”，相当于 at the beginning，通常指某事刚发生时的情况，但后来往往发生了变化。例如:
At first he knew nobody here， but now he has made a lot of friends.
4.turn off
turn off意为“切断(电源)，关掉(自来水、电灯、收音机等)”，其反义词为turn on。注意这里不能用close或open。
例如:
Please turn off the lights before you go out.
As soon as he got home，he turned on TV.
5.Once you are in here， listen to your teacher.一旦你们进到这里，就要听老师的。
once这里用作连词，相当于 from the moment that， when，意思为“一旦，一……就”，引导时间状语从句。例如:
Once she arrives，we can start.
Once he understands why he must study， he will study hard.
once还可用作副词，有“一次”或“曾经”的意思。例如:
They went there once a week.
6.Don t touch anything unless your teacher tells you to.
除非老师让你动，否则就不要动任何东西。=如果老师不让你动，你就不要动任何东西。
1)unless用作连词，相当于if...not，作“除非……，否则……”解，引导条件状语从句，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，从句中的动词要用现在时来代替将来时。例如:
I’ll be back tomorrow unless there s heavy snow.(= I ’ll be back tomorrow if there isn’ t heavy snow.)
He’ll stay at home unless he is invited to the party.
2)...unless your teacher tells you to 中 to是不定式符号，后面省略了与主句相同的动词touch，以避免重复，但 to 不能省略。例如:
—Would you like to go to his birthday party?
—I d love to(go).
My parents wish me to study medicine in the future， but
I don t want to.我的父母希望我将来学医，但我不想。
Lessons 6 & 7
1.have a way of...
way在这里意为“方式，方法”，后面常接介词of。a way of sth./doing sth.表示“(做)某事的方式或方法”。例如:
He has a good way of working out the problem.
I don t like his way of living.
way也可用作“路径”解。例如:
Can you tell me the way to the library?
If you lose your way，ask a policeman.
2.make one s classes lively and interesting 在make+sb. /sth. + 形容词 中，make意思为“使……，致使……”。其中的形容词用来修饰sb./sth.的性质或所处的状态。例如:
We are trying to make our country stronger.
The song made him popular with the students.
make后面还可以接省略to的动词不定式，即make sb.do sth.，“让某人做某事”。注意:此结构变为被动语态时，不定式结构要带to。例如:
The teacher made her copy the whole text.
(=She was made to copy the whole text.)
3.be filled with...
fill，动词，意思是“填满，装满”，后面常接介词with，表示“用……装满/填满……”，也可以用于被动语态中，即be filled with...“被装满/填满……”。注意和be full of的区别。
full用作形容词，表示所修饰词的状态，be full of...意思是 “装满了……”。例如:
She was filled with happiness when she heard the news.
The bag is full of sand.
4.mix v.
mix，混合，搅拌 (物理过程)。后面常接介词with。例如:
Oil and water don t mix.
(=Oil doesn t mix with water.)
You’d better mix the study with pleasure.
mix up意为“混淆，搞混”。例如:
I m afraid I have mixed your names up.
If you mix up those newspapers，we won’t find the one we need quickly.如果你把这些报纸混在一起，我们就不能很快找到我们需要的那张。
mix的名词形式是mixture，意思为“混合物”。例如:
This glass of drink is the mixture of three kinds of fruit juice.
5.taste terrible
taste这里用作系动词，意思为“尝起来……”，后接形容词作表语。类似的系动词还有smell，sound，look，feel等。例如:
The mixture smells terrible.
The music sounds wonderful.
The sofa feels soft.
除了上述表示感觉的系动词外，英语中还有一些表示变化的系动词，如become，get，turn等，后面也可接形容词作表语。
It s getting colder and colder.
In autumn，the leaves turn yellow.
6.instead of
instead of意为“代替……，……而不……”，后接名词、代词、动名词或介词短语。例如:
I ll go to Wuhan instead of her.
The baby was smiling at me instead of crying.这孩子没有哭，反而冲我笑了。
He went there on foot instead of by bus.他是步行去那儿的，而不是乘车。
注意instead of...和instead的区别。
instead副词，一般用于句末，后面不再跟其他词，用于否定前面提到的事情;instead of...短语介词，用于否定of后面的宾语。例如:
Mr Zhang was ill yesterday，so Miss Wei took his class instead.(=Miss Wei took the class instead of Mr Zhang，beˉcause he was ill yesterday.)张老师生病了，所以魏老师代他上课。
We didn t walk there.Instead，we took a taxi.(=We took taxi there instead of walking)我们没有步行，而是坐出租车去那儿的。
7.none of...
none of...意为“(在三个或三个以上的人或事中)没有一个”，后面接名词或代词。如果用于句首，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。注意none通常不单独用。例如:
None of us is/are interested in history.我们中没有一人对历史感兴趣。
I like none of the books.这些书我一本都不喜欢。
注意none和neither的区别。neither (of...)意思是“(两者中)没有一个或都不”，后面可接名词或代词，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。例如:
Neither of my parents was at home.我父母都不在家。
I want neither of the two books.这两本书我都不想要。
8. You must do everything as I do.
这儿的as作“像……，按照……”解。例如:
When in Rome， do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
as也可以引导时间状语从句，意思为“当……时候，随着……”。例如:
As he was a child，he loved reading.
As time passed，I nearly forgot the thing.随着时间的流逝，我几乎忘了这件事。
as还可以引导原因状语从句，意思为“因为，由于”。例如:
As he had no car，he couldn t get there early.
Lesson 8
1.let...out
let...out意为“让……出去”，其反义词组为let...in，这里的out和in都用作副词。注意其对应词组是:let...out of...，let...into...，后一组词后面均可接表示地点的名词，表示“从……出来”和“进入……”。例如:
Open the window and let the smoke out.
It s dangerous to let the tiger out of its cage.
2.at the back of...
at the back(of...)意为“在(……内部)后面”，其反义词组
为in the front of...“在(……内部)前面”。例如:
The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom，
while the foreign guests are sitting at the back(of the classroom).
注意:和它们对应的一组词是in front of...“在……(外部)的前面”和behind...“在……(外部)后面”。例如:
There s a beautiful garden behind the house.
Some children are playing on the playground in front of the classroom.
3.at the end of...
at the end of...意思是“在……之末”，其反义词组是at
the beginning of...“在……之初”，“在……开始”。注意of都不可以省略。例如:
He will leave for New York on business at the end of this month，and will be back at the beginning of next month.
例1 单项填空
Those oranges taste .
A. good B. well
C. to be good D. to be well
【解析】 答案为A。
系动词taste后面要接形容词作表语。
例2 单项填空
I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please ?
A. turn it on B. turn it down
C. turn it up D. turn it off
【解析】 答案为C。
根据语境，说话人是希望将音量调大一点，以便他听得更清楚。所以该选C。
例3 单项填空
He put the books in the box the shelf.
A. instead B. instead of
C. instead of on D. instead on
【解析】 答案为C。
本题考查instead及instead of的用法。题干中的in the box与on the shelf对应。所以该选C。