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高考英语冲刺阶段之应试宝典

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高考英语冲刺阶段之应试宝典

迎考警示
   高考不仅是对考生知识、能力,而且也是对考生心理生理的考核,因此,在全面系统理清各学科基础知识外,还必须作好充分的心理物质和应试技术准备,才能充分发挥自己的水平,考出优异的成绩。为了您能在高考中发挥正常,考出好的成绩,提醒您考试时应注意以下程序:

一、调整情绪至最优化
  考试时的情绪对考试者来说是至关重要的,情绪波动的人容易出现发挥失常的现象,情绪稳定的人容易发挥出正常的水平,甚至是超常的水平,所以说,好的情绪是考试成功的一半。因此,在战略上要藐视考试,树立信心,考试时要积极最优化你的情绪,做到“精神饱满,心态平稳,正确对待,面对实际。”
  1.以平常心对待考试,考前已进行了系统复习,过多的担心是没必要的。像我们以前这样扎实地学习,高考肯定没问题的。现在的考试,只不过是换了一个地方和时间的课堂练习。

  2.不要把考试焦虑看得太重,考试期间因焦虑而紧张、着急和晚上睡不着觉是一种很正常的现象,没什么大不了的。

  考试时不焦虑才让人感到不可思议。关键在于你对焦虑的认识态度,如果你觉得焦虑是很正常的,一定的焦虑可以使自己在考试时发挥得更好,那么,你的焦虑就不会成为你的负担,相反,还可以帮助你超常发挥。因为,适度的紧张使思维更活跃。人生能有几回搏,所以应全力以赴,力争上游。全力以赴,力争上游,是积极兴奋的情绪,顽强拼搏的精神,它会带来敏锐的感觉,精确的记忆,丰富的想象和高度集中的注意力。只有这样才能有望正常发挥,取得较好成绩。
调整期望值,增强自信等心理准备都是十分必要的。心理学家研究表明,焦虑强度和应试能力之间呈现“U”型的关系。过度的焦虑和毫不焦虑,都会使考试效果变坏,适度的焦虑是必要的。对自己的期望要从实际出发,这样便可“轻装上阵”,考出自己应有的水平。

  3.寻找能放松自己的方法,转移注意力,减轻紧张感。如听听音乐;做些放松运动;找人侃大山。高考其实只是平时的考试,考试阶段不要随意打破平时的饮食、睡眠、活动和生活习惯。饮食以清淡为主,讲究卫生,营养搭配合理。准备必要的药品:清凉油、三勒浆、抗生素药物等。准备好一只走时较准确的手表,整修自己自行车的轮胎、刹车,准备好雨衣、面巾纸、饮料等。

二、临战准备
  1.英语科前听二十分钟的英语录音
  2.查好考试必需品,调整好心态
  准备好考试必需品,应把考试需要的各种东西列一份清单,准备好后统一放在一只包里,如2B铅笔(事先削好,至少2支),同色原珠笔或钢笔各至少2支(用习惯使用的颜色,习惯的使用的钢笔、墨水,只限于黑或蓝,钢笔墨水要注足),橡皮、小刀、垫板、准考证,离家上考场前必须一一清点,不能遗漏。
  宁早勿迟,至少应早到20分钟入考场,不迟到半分钟。(到校后可先熟悉考场四周环境,与熟悉的考生交谈,以放松情绪,调整心态。)进入考场之后,要把心收回来,全身心进入考试状态。相信自己已作充分的准备,有必胜的把握,相信我难别人更难。有做不出,说不准的题目是非常正常的,完全不要紧张,应有一个正确的定位,不求全对,只求发挥出自己的应有水平。最后,用挑战的心态进入解答状态。

三、冷静迎战
  考试的最终目的是把每道试题正确解答出来,考试成功的关键是你的解题质量高。因此,你在考试时应把质量放在首位,在保证质量的前提下,追求速度,而不是倒过来。你要保证解题的高准确率,就必须冷静思考,细心审题,精确运算,规范作答。战术上重视考试,必须认真对待,不能随随便便,马马虎虎。
  1.仔细、仔细、再仔细
  即在浏览、审题、动笔等各个环节中,都保持高度的细心,聚精会神,一丝不苟。遇到难题不惊慌,碰到做过或容易的题不大意。

  2.审题、审题、细审题
  审题是正确解题的关键,审题错了,后面的解答就无意义了。因此,考试时你必须认真审题,看清答题的范围、要求。以自己已有的知识水平对各选项进行纵横比较,并一定要对照题目或原文,放在题目或原文中进行思考,认为自己的审题是没有问题了,你的审题就达标了。如果自己的知识本身有缺漏而造成审题不正确,这不怪你的审题,而怪你没有掌握有关的知识。

  3.质量、质量、高质量
即你在考试过程中要始终保持质量意识,不放弃任何一道自己会做的试题,不做错任何一道会做的试题,这就是你的解题质量意识,尤其不能漏考虑选项。

  4.进考场后
  进考场后先把考试所需的考试工具放置好,(深呼吸三到五次),不乱讲话,静坐等待发卷。

  5.发卷后
  发卷后先折卷,方法要恰当(双折)。
  接下来就要把注意力集中到试卷上来,先核对科目、检查总页数,看是否有缺页、漏印、重印、模糊不清地方,分清答题卡是A卡还是B卡。
  写好姓名、座号或填涂好学校、准考证号(不同颜色、不同笔)等,大致游览一遍考卷有几题,有几页,使心中大概有一个底,然后将二卷和答题卡放在便于监考老师查看的地方。

  6.细听老师的考前说明
  考试开始前,监考老师往往要对试卷作一些说明和交代,此时一定要注意倾听,否则一旦开始答题,由于心情紧张,就有可能忘记一些事情。这样就难免“差之毫厘,谬以千里”了。使自己很快进入答题状态。由于注意力专注于考试上,没有时间想别的事,因而有利于消除刚迈入考场时的紧张心理。

  7.沉着答卷,前紧后松、下笔速度要快
  英语科应迅速将注意力集中到熟悉听力题目要求、预测听力内容和答案上。
一般按试卷顺序做题或跳做(因试卷题目对每个学生难易各异),先易后难,实在做不出的,与其绞尽脑汁,不如先放在那做别的题目,但一旦有灵感产生,应立即回到原题上去。
在易题上尽量少花时间,也不要停在难题上(做上记号以便回看解决,再看),但忌漏题漏页(暂时放手的题目不要忘了在试卷上做好记号),复查时应将试卷正反面均看清楚(每页试卷下面都有“共几页”的字样)。答完试卷后,再一题一题审查过去,看是否漏题、答错。
选择题的答案写在题目右侧,字应该用大号。
草稿的使用:可充分利用一卷。
  改错和书面表达题应注意书写,印象分十分重要。

  8.答题卡
  答题卡必须在考试结束前十五分钟左右开始填涂,英语科适当提前。答案与题号要一致(A卡和B卡不同),填涂答题卡要细心,先轻划,五题一填,连续复两遍,确认后再涂黑,填卡时要垫垫板,除姓名、准考证上的数字要用钢笔外,其余均用铅笔涂写。不要漏填、错填。
  重视第一印象,不要轻易改题。改题宜先做好题目后划去旧的答题,以免因来不及做而两头落空。

  9. 试题答完后,要认真检查一遍。要检查答题有否遗漏,题意有否弄错,有没有抄错字母符号,有无拼错字,解题思路、步骤等有无错误等等。

  10.总时间控制:
  听力20’(9:20),单项7’(9:27),完形16’(9:43),阅读40’(10:23),改错5’(10:28),作文20’(10:48),填卡 (6’) ,核查时间(6’)。

题型及对策
一、听力
  1.提前进入状态(包括认真听试听部分的快速度的录音。试听部分很难,但也应注意,考生用于调整积极心态,考点用于调试广播)。

  2.拿到卷子后,在填写好名字、考号等必填项目、对照试卷有否漏页后,抓紧时间看题目,题目越熟悉越好,尽量做到心中有数,以便对症下药。要善于捕捉选项中的信息。在预测的前题下用自己能懂的符号适当记录,减少短时记忆的缺陷。
例:2002年第5问
When is the man checking in?
A. Friday.  B. Thursday.   C. Tuesday.

听力原文:
W: Good morning. Can I help you?
M: Yes. I'd like a double room.
W: How many nights do you plan to stay with us?
M: Three. I'll be checking out Friday morning.

记下(check)out,Friday, 3 nights

  这样通过试卷上的问题和选择项了解听的重点,了解对话中涉及的人物、事件、地点、时间、数量等的信息范围。思想集中,但不必担心有难度,大家容易大家难。

  3.结合关键词(与题目有关的who、what、where、when、how、why)、关联词,对答案进行合理的推测、判断。如:
Many people think life is better, but I don't think so.
  不少同学刚听了前半句(或前半段)就选了Life is better. 这个错误选项,(预测时也应注意),不可以只听到一个或几个单词就下结论,而要在充分理解对话和选项的基础上作出判断,填入正确答案。

  4.善于跳过不熟悉的单词,不在不熟悉的、听不清的单词上磨蹲,不心慌,静心听下去。应避免情绪波动,听不懂时应及时采取根据印象猜答案的措施,迅速平静地进入下一道题的解答状态,万不可因小失大。

  5.没有把握的内容应迅速猜一个答案,在旁边做一个记号,等做完题后再作处理。切莫在听的过程中在一个问题上停留过久。

  6.坚决排除一切干扰,包括监考老师的走动、开窗、关门、试卷的响声,只对听力内容感兴趣,两耳不闻窗外事,因此而失分没有人会赔你分数。
  总之,在进行听力考试时应注意力集中,心理状态应该为稍有紧张而绝不慌乱,做好预测工作,善于抓住与放弃。尤其是在听第一节时,因录音只放一遍,故一定要把握好机会,一旦错失了良机,或缺乏心理准备跟不上速度,或太紧张,全然不知所云,急得像热锅上的蚂蚁,不但会严重影响第一节的得分,还会造成情绪波动,妨碍第二节听力的顺利答题,乃至整场考试的发挥。

二、选择题
  看完题干和选项;
  不乱译,不想当然;
  无论长短句、难易句,理解的出发点在主谓结构、上下文。
  1.复习内容
  1)在熟练掌握初、高中课本单词和词组的基础上,进一步强化考纲词汇,尤其是教材中没有而考纲中出现的词。
  2)不规则动词的过去式、过去分词表。
   3)熟悉第二册下册180页的构词法。
   4)词序:
  限定词 → 一般描绘性形容词 → 大小、长短、高低 → 形状 → 年龄、新旧 → 颜色 → 国籍、地区、出处 → 材料 → 用途、类别 → n.
限定词:冠词、代词(my、that、other、much, etc.)、数词、such、no、the next、half
one/ no such thing    
the first/ last/ next few/two pages
the few next days(后面少数几天)
much/ rather/ far/ a bit too small a car
all too quickly (实在太快)
every few/ other/ second/ two day(s)
double/ twice the/your size
every such possibility
eighty other …/ the other eighty …/ another eighty…
a lot/ much/ far / a great deal / three metres / twice / even / many / still / rather / a (little)bit / slightly / no / not any + 比较级
quite / nearly / almost / just / exactly / not half (根本不)/ twice + as比较级结构
   时间、地点 :  小 → 大
   
  5)名词的数
不可数名词:
homework juice clothing furniture equipment fun butter progress advice luggage baggage fur energy luck news music practice production rubber(橡胶) weather 
   与a/an连用时的意义:
history   population   knowledge
rain    snow     wind
interest pleasure science shame shock  trouble
honour   success    failure    beauty
silence   education   length (width etc.) 
chalk   hair      possibility   necessity 
cloth   coffee     desire
effect  experience  glance   load   weight
memory  paper  pain  rush (in a rush, make a rush for the door)   search   service   society  soul
a half / new /full moon 
a touch of salt/ spring (春意)
at a touch       一触(就…)
   某些复数形式:apologies values congratulations thanks regards wishes 

   6) 定语从句
   as; which; who; that; such; the same...as; the case prep., which; whom; who anybody等
a. ____ can be seen from the letter she wrote, she is a clever
girl.
A. Which  B. As   C. That  D. What
b. ______ has happened is that in the past twenty years
great changes have taken place in our city.
A. Which  B. It  C. What D. As

  7) 情态动词

  (1) 初中    

  (2) shall   would   

  (3) must   can't  needn't   should  may / might (not) have done sth.

    --- I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
--- It ______ true because there was little snow there.
A. may not be    B. can't be
C. couldn't have been   D. mustn't have been

  8) 时态
   
  (1) 一般过去时

  (2) 现在完成时

  (3) 过去完成时

a. — Didn't I tell you his name?
— Yes, you did, but I ______ it.
— He is called John Smith.
b. — John Smith asked for you an hour ago.
— Who? I have never heard of him.
— He talked with you last Friday about your new book.
— Oh. I ______ his name.
A. forget        B. forgot  C. have forgotten     D. had forgotten
C. John and I _____ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _____ each other a couple of times before that.
A. had been, have seen  B. have been, have seen 
C. are, had seen   D. have been, had seen                    

9) 非谓语

主  it 

宾  delay / suggest     forget

表  teaching  to teach  interesting  broken

宾补 to do  make  let  have   listen to find   catch  + 宾 + doing sth.
    consider  think  believe + 宾 + to be
    be considered / said / known to have done
    have    get    make

定  the bridge (built; being built; to be built)

状  主语一致
    having done

a. ______ the opportunity, he might well have become a good manager.
A. Given  B. To give  C. Giving  D. Having given

b. While building a tunnel through the mountain, ______.
A. an underground lake was discovered
B. there was an underground lake discovered
C. a lake was discovered underground
D. the workers discovered an underground lake 
   
c. _______ in the leg made it impossible for him to walk his
way home.
A. Injured   B. Having injured C. To be injured   D. Being injured

  10) 倒装
  (1) 全倒装   Under the tree lay a cat. Up goes the kite.
  (2) 部分倒装
It was not until then ______ to know that knowledge ______ from practice.
A. that I came; comes   B. did I come; came
C. I came; came      D. that I come; comes

2. 解题思路
  (1) 注意结构、意义、逻辑的一致,看清楚高考题干、选项。
  结构先行,意义跟上,应尽量回忆以前学过的类似句式或结构,知道哪个是正确的选项(a.b.c)。
a. The parents love to ____ coming home from school. 
A. see the children's   B. watch the children 
C. glance the children  D. look the children

b. ____ seems to be no need to go there now.  
A. It  B. This  C. That  D. There 
   
c. There was no use ____ . 
A. for your coming   B. your coming C. of you to come    D. for you to come

  同时应尽量避免定向思维, 或任意改变对所学过的东西的理解(d.e)。应注意意义是在结构上的连贯和统一,不能自己臆造(e的翻译为:“被倒下的树砸坏” 是错误的)。
d.— ____ I finish the work before you leave ? 
— No, you ____ .  
A. Must; mustn't    B. Need; mustn't  C. Need; needn't    D. Shall; won't
  不能因为做过Must … needn’t而手足无措。

e. The roof of our house was badly damaged by a ____ tree in the great storm last night. 
A. fall  B. fallen  C. falling  D. fell    
      
  如果题干上为the ___ tree 则 B可选, 应注意在英语句子结构分析基础上进行理解和翻译。
  
  (2) 注意英语试题中的“非直接相邻”题
a. Which do you enjoy ___ the time, fishing or watching TV?
A. killing        B. to kill  C. having killed     D. being killed

  (3) 选择答案时考虑语境, 完形也如此。高考题目情景性强,千万要注意上下文联系在一起考
虑,多琢磨;理清因果、转折、顺接、假设等关系。

  (4) 注意选择项之间的区别, 应分别对照选项,确保思路正确。

  (5) 注意 ,—;?等标点在句中的作用。

三、完形填空
  1.通读全文(较快,容易的答案先选出)
  通读全文,速度相对较快,容易的答案先选出,善于跳读,注意其第一句话。
但不少考生解题时急于求成,未通览全文就着手逐字逐句边读边填,自以为这样可节省时间,其实适得其反,欲速而不达。
  正确的方法应该是:抓住关键词及上下文,善于跳过空格,先通览全文,概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构、情节、发展、前因后果、论点论据等,同时对空格中要填的词可边作试探性的猜测,为下一步选择答案做好准备、打好基础,有时答案就在上下文中。

  2.细读原文,边读边填
  掌握了文章的大意后,可以从头开始根据所了解的上下文意思,细读原文,边读边填。就像自己写这篇文章,思路要清晰,但不强扭原文逻辑,应灵活理解原文。
  意义先行,结构跟上,选取语法上正确、语义上贴切、符合上下文逻辑的词语填入,但不能只见树林不见森林,在理解逻辑的基础上,顾及上下文和单句语法结构,结合自己知道的背景知识,读在前、填在后,要上下求索、瞻前顾后。切忌单凭语法正确与否或单句意义而匆忙作出选择。
善于跳读和跳填,对于难句应从主谓结构分析和上下文、全文考虑。任何可以独立的语篇都是一个具有内在联系的系统工程,而上下文则是营造语境的基础,也是逻辑推理的依据。

  3.通读全文,敲定文章逻辑和所选的答案
最后,应通读全文,敲定文章逻辑和所选的答案,但切莫在随意增加语境或减少语境及随意去词或断章取义的情况下推断原文逻辑和正确答案,严格按原文、原句理思路。要再认真仔细地阅读一下全文,对所有的答案(特别是带疑点的答案)逐个再作一番复检,目的是审查答案是否合理得当,是否经得起反复的有逻辑的推敲,是否能自然地融人语篇,使行文通顺流畅。

四、阅读理解
  可采用先看题后阅读的方法,尤其是文章长,而题量少的篇目,不纠缠无关生词、难句

阅读理解注意事项:
  1.尊重原文
  阅读要尊重原文,仔细对照原文中的句、段,找出与题目、选项相关的句、段,判断它们在句意上的异同、在表达意义的范围上的大小等,切莫不看原文而凭记忆乱下结论(尤其是认为简单的题目)。对阅读材料的推理判断一定要以文章所提供的事实为依据,要真正地理解和评价它们,不能凭空想象,更不能自以为是,超越原文,乱用常识和经验解题。
  切勿臆造,哪怕是被认为最简单的问题,都必须到原文去对照意义和结构,不能只凭几个相同的单词而不顾由于词序、结构、时态的改变或少字或多字(例return)而引起的异义,以原文为依据(命题原则),看完全部选项。仔细对照所有的选项中哪一项与原文中的原句在意义上相同或相近,从而选出正确答案。例如:
For his return trip, he asked for a year's leave.
  return不可能表示“来回”。
  
  2.先通读原文(或先看题目),后看题目,在做题时千万要看清原文,并将有关句子划出,以便在复查时节省时间。
  英语高考试卷篇章多,阅读量很大,题型变化也多。因此,能否审清题意至关重要。有些考生考试时不注意审题,粗略看一下就轻易答题,结果往往张冠李戴,欲速则不达。

  3.最佳题目、中心句的寻找。应先回忆原文、原段落,后对比选项,找意义相近项。

  4. 猜词。
  1) 词缀知识的运用。
  2) 应将各词放入原文,上下文是其命脉,解释往往就在上下句。注意or, like, similarly, that is, because, 定语从句(a... is a man who...)
The current, flow of electricity, makes the glower hot and thus light is set out.
Suddenly they become the parents of quintuplets, four girls and a boy.
The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.
Many United Nations employees are polyglots. Ms Mary, for example, speaks five languages.

例:
Smokers who want to kick the habit might soon get help from a product that' s being tested at the University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine: a mouthwash that makes cigarettes taste bad. It could be on the market within a year.

The anti-smoking rinse itself tastes rather pleasant. But if you light up within six to eight hours of drinking it, your cigarette will taste like burnt rubber and you won't smoke past the first puff, explains Dr. Sebastian Ciancio, director of the center for Dental Studies at the University of Buffalo. Metal ions (离子)are what make it taste bad to smokers, he adds.

Ciancio is heading up a pilot study in which ten smokers, each of whom normally smoke at least a pack of cigarettes a day, are rinsing their mouths three times daily with the anti-smoking solution. Another ten are getting a placebo (无效对照剂). Before this study, only the inventor had tested the anti-smoking rinse—— a chemist who does not wish to be identified (验明身份) —— and a few of his friends, who say it enabled them to quit smoking.

And Ciancio has no shortage of volunteers: The waiting list to take part in the study is already full. "People are desperate . They tend (倾向) to think they won’t be able to get rid of it. " he says, "If the pilot study is successful, it will be expanded. "

Not only might the patented formulation (获得专利配方) help give up smoking, Ciancio adds, but it also appears to reduce plaque (牙斑), gingivitis and halitosis. Making the rinse, he estimates, would cost nearly the same as ordinary mouthwashes.
1. What do you think "rinse" is in the second paragraph?
  A. A type of medicine.   B. A certain sweet.
  C. A certain kind of food.  D. A special liquid.
2. What is the result of Ciancio's study?
  A. It is said that some of his friends have given up smoking.
  B. No one wants to be tested.
  C. It is very popular with the smokers.
  D. It is allowed to be sold at the same price as ordinary mouthwashes,
3. Why does the writer write the passage?
  A. To describe a test.
  B. To advise people to buy the product.
  C. To introduce a new product.
  D. To encourage smokers to give up smoking.

五、改错题
  1.通读,改出易改题(相对而言)
  2.通读几个句子与行结合,找错(不能只以行为单位),应注意行与句兼顾。
  3.看单句,结合词性、固定搭配、上下文逻辑、老师常比较的错误(interesting - interested, which / that等)来判断错误之处。(考虑意群、分句及词组间的连接。)
类型为5、2、2、1型。注意有无漏词、多词现象及逻辑关系错误、句子结构错误。
  4.难题注意各个单词的词性要求:
   难题从词性、漏词、多词、前后搭配(意群及词组间)着手:
   名词:单复数、冠词有无、什么冠词
   代词:主宾格、单复数、反身代词、男女、人称、代词的一致
   动词:语态、时态、非谓语、加不加s
   连词:意义、标点、what \ which \ whoever \ who等用法、重在句意的表达
   介词:介词和其它词的搭配;介词的辨析;介词的去与增加以及惯用法。
   形副:形副转换、比较等级、与than \ of \ in连用
   数词:序数词(冠词)
   冠词:不定冠词a、an和定冠词the的区别及冠词的惯用法。
  5.再通读全文,注意逻辑,敲定答案。
  最后通读全文时,尤其注意上下文逻辑,推理是否为并列、因果、转折或选择关系等;是否定意义或肯定意义。
  注意点:
  1)肯定有动词错误(时态、语态、非谓语形式,注意一般现在时动词形式)
  2)改错必须严格按高考格式,不能自创,不改变原意;改错使用符号应正确规范。
  3)注意不犯拼错词的错误。
  4)一行找到了一个“错”不能太得意, 另一个错可能更严重。
Dear Xiaohua
It is four days since Mother accepted the operation.   1___
She is feeling much more better. The doctor told me   2___
the operation was successful, but because her old age   3___
she had to stay in hospital for other two weeks. The   4___
doctors also say it was quite necessary for her to     5___
do so. We expect to get a full report in two and three  6___
days. Please tell the good news to the rest of family   7___
as soon as possible. You needn't to come here. I’m    8___
able to look after Mother by myself. You'd better     9___
send flowers to Mother. She will feel happily.      10___
                   Yours,
                   Xiaohua

六、书面表达(格式、内容、列纲、连句、查漏、查错)
  1.全面理解写作要求。
  看清题目要求、内容要点及标明的注意点。主要是格式、内容(划出包括生词、词性、判断其运用),默默以适当人称(不能乱来,看要求,98上海要求第三人称)流畅通俗的中文叙述一遍,同时应考虑到用自己能表达的英语。判断主要时态,不确定时加时间状语。要求之处划出(100字、题目、是否已给结构<已给题目>等)。
  
  2.开始写作。
  抓住所要表达的每个句子的主谓语,并适当运用以前所给的连接词。
  写时注意以下几点:
  1)有无主谓结构错误,注意动词形式(一般现在时动词加不加S,过去式怎么写等)。
  2)连接词及其它是否书面化、高级化。
  3)注意标点、大写等,要有句子概念。

  3.再通读全文
  1)注意通顺,有无主谓(每句讲什么、谁做何事),连接是否恰当。
  2)内容是否遗漏,尤其再读要求和说明,看看有没有做到(包括字数,是否要写题目、生词处 理、标点符号与大小写等)。
  3) 开头、结尾是否简明、恰当(尤其今年可能考表格或议论文)。
注意点:
  1.花足时间、打草稿、书写工整。
  2.有始有终(开头、结尾给人以圆满、良好的印象,也有已给出的)切记内容、连贯及主谓。
  3.六忌:
  忌体裁错位;忌遗漏内容要点;忌人称错误;
  忌随意瞎发挥;(切勿作与主题无关的不适当的发挥,因为字数一般都能达到。)
  忌逐句翻译;忌句太短或滥用复合句。