高考英语名词从句
一、名词从句的定义和分类
名词从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词从句的连接词
从属连词：that无词义，whether / if有词义（是否），在从句中不充当成分。
连接代词：who(ever)[主语/表语], whom(ever)[宾语], whose(ever)[定语],
what(ever)[主、宾、表语], which(ever)[主、宾、定语]
连接副词：when, where, why, how有词义，在从句中充当状语。
三、名词从句的作用：
1． 名词从句在复合句中作主语。
1)连词that在句首不可省
2)用whether引导时不可用if。
3）主语从句位于句首，句子显得笨重，因此一般把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语。
eg. ___ __ three people were killed in the traffic accident.(report)
4)主语从句和强调句的判断：把It is / was…that去掉，句子意思还完整，是强调句；主语从句即使去掉it,将主语从句放在句首，连词that也不能拿掉。
2. 表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语，位于主句系动词之后。
1） 用whether引导时不可用if,
2）表语从句也可用as if / though引导。
eg. China is not ____it used to be.
This is _____ our problem lies.
注：reason 后的表语从句用that引导。eg. The reason why we don’t trust is that he has often lied.
3.宾语从句在复合句中作及物动词、介词、非谓语动词和某些形容词的宾语。
1) that在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但有两个（以上）宾语从句，that则不可省。
2) 作介词宾语、后与not连用要用whether.
eg. Everything depends on ____ we have enough money.
3)从句是否定句时一般用if 引导。
eg. I don’t care if it isn’t a fine day.
4）如从句后有宾语补足语，要用it作形式宾语，将从句后置。
5）think, believe, imagine, suppose, expect, consider等词引出的宾语从句，且主句主语是第一人称，要将从句中的否定形式移到主句谓语中。
4)同位语从句在复合句中作同位语，。一般由that, whether(不可用if),who, how, when, where等引导；常放在名词fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, proof, believe等后，说明该名词的具体内容。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
1） 同位语从句具体说明它前面的名词的内容；定语从句对先行词起修饰、限制的作用。
2） 同位语从句中的that不可省，定语从句中的that在从句中充当宾语时可省略。
eg. He told me the news that our team had won the game.
The news that he told me is true.
三、名词从句的常考点：
1、 主语从句中连接词that或what的用法区别：that 只起连接作用，不作句子成分，而what在从句中充当主语、宾语等。
2、 宾语从句的语序：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，特别注意疑问代词作主语时的语序。if 只能引导宾语从句。
3、 that引导名词性从句和定语从句的区别。
4、 fact, truth, news类名词和suggestion, order, advice类名词后的同位语从句、表语从句的用法。[常用（should ）+动词原形]
5、 it指代主语从句。
6、 表语从句中because和that的区别。
7、 名词性从句中表疑问的引导词的选用。
疑问词的选用应视该名词性从句的含义及所缺句子成分而定。
When指时间，在从句中作时间状语；where指地点，作地点状语；
how指方式，作方式状语，也可以与many/much连用。作其它成分。
why 指原因，作原因状语；who 指人，作主语（作宾语用whom）；
which意为“哪一个”，常作定语，修饰其后的名词，一起在从句充当主语或宾语；
whether“是否”；as if/ though“好像，仿佛”，常引导表语从句。
I． 用适当的连词填空：
1. ___ you don’t like him is none of my business.
2. ______ we’ll go camping depends on _____ it will be fine tomorrow.
3. _____ she comes or not makes no difference.
4. The question is ____ it is worth doing.
5. There is some doubt ____he will come.
6. ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
7. _____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
8. It is said that the famous football star is not willing to play for ______ would pay him three million dollars a year.
9. It was about 600 years ago ____ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
10. Go and get your coat. It’s ____ you left it.
11. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree
12. --- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
--- Is that _____ you had a few days off?
13. I remember ____ this used to be a quiet village.
14. ---Do you remember____ he came? --- Yes, I do, he came by car.
15. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants
16. _____we can’t get comes better than ____ we have.
17. A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.
18. It is pretty well understood ____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
19. A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago.
20. Do you have any idea ___ is actually going on in the classroom?
21. See the flags on the building? That was_____ we did this morning.
22. America was ____ was first called “India” by Columbus.
23. _____ troubles me most is _____ I don’t know how to calm the sick old man.
24. I think it is ____ you are working yourself too much.
25. The reason ____ I plan to go is ____ she will be disappointed ____ I don’t.
26. Danby left word with my secretary ____ he would call again in the afternoon.
27. ____ is no possibility ____ Bob can win the first prize in the match.
28. --- Brad was Jane’s brother. --- ________ he reminded me so much of Jane.
29. Do _____ you think is right, ________ they say.
30. It’s known to us _______ there is pollution, there is harm.
31. He made a promise ________ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
32. It was at the very beginning ___ Mr. Fox made the decision ___ we should send more firefighters here.
33. I would appreciate ___ if you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment.
II． 语法填空：
I had just gone to bed after a very hard day 1 the phone rang. It was an eccentric(怪癖的) farmer. I had never met him before 2 I had often heard people talk about him. He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so 3 I understood 4 he said. Even then all I could made out was 5 someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadn’t the slightest idea 6 she was but I obviously had to go.
It had been snowing heavily that day and I didn’t know the way. I had been driving for at least an hour when I finally found his place. He was standing there, waiting for me. 7 seemed Milly had died, “She meant more to me than anyone… even my own wife!” he said. I could see 8 he had been crying. I thought something terrible had taken place, a possible scandal(丑闻). I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn（厩）. “I wouldn’t leave her out in the cold!” he said.
Milly had clearly been a secret lover of his. I was about to tell him I don’t know 9 I could cover anything up when he opened the barn door. He lifted his candle and 10 I saw was a dark figure lying on the ground. “She was such a good cow! I wouldn’t let anyone but a doctor touch her!” he said, and burst into tears again.
III．基础写作： 请根据以下资料，使用5 个规范句子描述全部所给信息，并且至少必须包含主语从句， 宾语从句， 表语从句和同位语从句。
要求：
1． 标题：Reunion of Husband and Wife
2． 内容：
1） Tom and Ann曾是恩爱夫妻
2） 两年前离婚
3） 原因：专注生意，忽略妻子
4） 希望他们和好
5） 听到复合的消息甚感开心
参考词汇： 1，恩爱的：affectionate 2，分手：part company 和好：reconcile
名词从句答案
I. 1. That 2. Whether, whether 3. whether 4. whether 5. whether 6. It 7. Whoever 8.whoever 9. that 10. where
11. where 12. why 13. when 14. how 15.whatever
16.What, what 17. what 18. what 19.what 20. what
21. what 22. what 23. What, that 24. because
25. why, that, if 26.that 27. There, that 28. No wonder
29. what, whatever 30.that where 31. that if 32.that, that 33. it
II. 1. when 2. although/ though 3. before 4. what 5. that
6. who 7. It 8. that 9.whether/if 10. what
III. It is known to us that once Tom and Ann were an affectionate couple. But to our surprise, they broke up two years ago. What made them part company was that Tom was so absorbed in his business that he overlooked his wife sometimes. I felt it was a pity, hoping that they would reconcile. So yesterday when I heard the news that they lived together again, I felt very happy.