Unit 23 The find of the century
一. 课文理解
【背景介绍】
The story is fictional(虚构的). However , there are many true cases where archaeological(考古的)discoveries have been made by chance in caves. There are many caves with prehistoric (史前的) drawings, carvings and paintings in France and dates have been based on these archaeological sites.
【答疑解惑】
句子分析
1. One moment we were walking along the top of a hill and now we could see no more than about thirty meters ahead of us.
一时间我们还在山顶上行走，而现在30公尺外的地方我们都看不清了
2．By now we were beginning too get tired and the rain was falling heavily.
这时我们开始感到疲倦，雨也下大了。
by now,到现在，至此。
如：
I hope you have understood me by now.
3. “ Light the fire not so near the entrance that the wind will blow the fire out ,and not so far in that the smoke will fill the cave,” said my brother. 我弟弟说：“ 点火不要太靠近洞口，那样风会把火吹灭的。也不要太靠近里边了，那样烟会充满山洞的”。
在so near the entrance 和so far in 后面的 that 引导结果状语从句。
4．To get the fire going使火烧得旺起来
get something doing 表示“使某物动起来或继续下去”如：
Can you get the clock going again? 你能使这座钟再走起来吗？
I’ll get the car going. 我要使车发动起来。
5．…maybe by tomorrow morning the weather will have cleared up .
……也许到明天早晨，天就会晴了。
此句是将来完成时。clear up （天气）放晴
6．Neither of us realized that night that these carvings and paintings dated back 15,000 years, nor that the headline in the newspaper would be “ the find of the century。。。”那天夜里， 我们谁也没有意识到，那些雕刻与绘画已存在15，000 年了，也没有想到报纸的大标题是“本世纪的发现。。。。。。”
第一个that是指示代词；第二个that 是宾语从句的连接代词
语言重点
1．as/so long as “假使，只要”
You can go out to play as long as you have finished your homework.
你只要完成了作业就可以出去玩。
2．Blow out “吹灭，使熄灭” “（车胎）爆破”
The rain blew the fire out.
雨把火浇灭了。
The tyre blew out as I was driving to work.
我开车上班途中轮胎爆了。
3．Succeed in doing sth. “ 成功地 做某事”
=be successful in doing sth.
We succeeded in sending a man-made satellite into space.
我们成功地发射了一颗人造卫星。
4．Clear up
1）to put in order , tidy up, finish “整理，完成”
2）become less bad or come to an end “缓和，结束”
Let’s clear up the classroom before we go.
我们走之前先把教室整理一下。
Soon it stopped raining and the weather cleared up.
很快雨停了，天晴了。
5．Come across =meet or discover by chance “遇到，碰到（可接人或物）
run into=meet someone by chance 偶遇（后面接人）
I’ve just come across a beautiful poem in this book.
我在这本书上偶然发现一首美妙的诗。
I ran into an old friend in the street.
昨天我在街上偶然碰到一个老朋友。
6．on one hand。。。,on the other hand。。。 “一方面。。。另一方面”
On one hand I want to sell the house, but on the other hand I can’t bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想卖掉房子， 而另一方面我又舍不得离开它。
二. 语法详释
【要点归纳】
本单元复习总结状语（the adverbial）
状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及 全句的句子成分，它的特征是说明动作发生时间，地点，比较，程度，结果，原因，目的，条件，让步，伴随等情况。
可充当状语成分的有副词，介词短语，不定式，V-ing 形式，V-ed 形式，名词和状语从句等。
如：
1．副词或副词短语
Let’s think carefully
I went further back into the cave and stopped still
2．词短语
we were staying with my grandparents in the French countryside.
3．不定式
I tore out the pages of the first chapter of the book I was reading to get the fire going.
4．-ing形式
I went on walking, bending down because the roof of the cave was not very high.
5．-ed 形式
Badly wounded, he was sent to the nearby hospital.
6．名词或名词短语
One moment we were walking along the top of a hill and now we could see no more than about thirty meters ahead.
7．状语从句
I think we should continue walking as long as we can see where we were going.
【典题剖析】
“Can’t you read ?” Mary said,____ to the notice .(NMET93)
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily
C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing
解析：本题考查现在分词在句中作伴随状语， angrily 一词修饰现在分词。 答案为A.选项C前如加一个连词and也可算正确答案，即表示并列关系。
【高考焦点】
1．____ the few who have failed their English test, all the other students in our class are in very high spirits.
A. Beside B. In spite of
C. except D. Because
2．This class named ____ Lei Feng is one of the best classes in this school.
A. in honor of B. in the place of
C. in favor of D. in the way of
3．If ____ the sane treatment again, he is sure to get well.(NMET98)
A. giving B. give C. given D. being given
4．____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.(NMET 96)
A. Losing B. Having lost C. lost D. to lose
5．Just after putting away the dishes, ______(SH97)
A. the doorbell rang loud B. Nancy heard the doorbell ring
C. someone knocked at the door D. the doorbell was run
6．she asked me to help her, ____ that she couldn’t move the heavy suitcase alone.(SH97)
A. only to realize B realizing
C. having been realized D. realized
7．The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make
C. not making D. do not make
8．He sent an e-mail, ____ to get further information.(SH2000)
A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope
9._____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.(SH2000)
A. Being founded B. suffering
C. Founded D. founding
10．_____ from heart trouble for years, professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.(SH2001)
A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered
三. 词语探究
【重点词语讲解】
clear adj. 1）A clear view 一览无遗
2）as clear as day显而易见的
3）make oneself clear 表达清楚
4）a clear day 晴朗的一天
5）as clear as mud 很不清楚的
adv. keep clear of sb/sth 避免见到某人或涉及某物
v. 1) clear away 移走
2）clear sth. off 付清债务
3）clear up 天气转晴；痊愈
4） clear sth. up 使整洁；清除疑团，（解决困难；解除误会）
5）clear sth with sb.经过某权威人士批准
【重点词语辨析】
No more than /not more than; no less than/ not less than
No more than 的意思是“只不过，仅仅”用来说明数量少
Not more than 意思是“不多于”，是一般的否定，用来客观的说明数字。如：
1．He has no more than ten dollars in his pocket.
他的口袋里不过仅仅有十美元。
2．There were not more than 100 people attending the meeting
出席会议的人不多于100。
与此形式相近的有
no more than= as more as 不亚于（形容多）
not less than 不少于
no bigger than= as small as 仅有……大
not bigger than 不大于
more than 有些特殊的含义，有时可译为“非常，无以名状”有时也译为“与其……不如……”
3．The beauty of the West Lake is more than I can describe.
西湖的美丽是无法描述的。
4．The book seems to be more of a dictionary than a grammar .
这本书看来与其说是 一本语法书，到不如说是一本词典。
四. 口语交际
本单元复习总结猜测和相信（conjecture and belief）的句型及结构。
I guess that…
I believe that …
She/He /They must have done…
It seems that…
It looks as if…
例句：
I guess that you are right. 我想你是对的。
I fell as if it is going to rain. 我感觉好像要下雨。
It seems all right. 看来没问题。
It seems that you are lying.看来你在撒谎。
I think they must have been left early.我想他们一定很早就走了。
Dialogue（对话）
（1）A：John’s very late. Do you think he’s coming?
B：Well, it doesn’t seem like it. He must have forgotten.
A：I believe you are right. He can’t have remembered.
（2）A：I can’t open the door.
B：It must be locked.
（3）A：what was that noise?
B：It was the pilot putting the wheels down. We must be coming in to land. Are you frightened?
A：Frightened? You must be joking
五.探究性学习
名词性从句
I．引导名词性从句的连接词
1）连接代词： who , whose, whom, what, which
2）连接副词： when, where, why, how
3）连接词： that, whether, if ，as if
连接代词和连接副词在句中不再是疑问词，因而从句要用陈述语序。连接代词和副词在句中充当句子成分，连接词that whether, if, as if 在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。
II．主语从句
在复合句中作主语。如：
1）Who will go is not decided.
(who will go 是主语从句，其中who 在从句中充当主语)
2）What we need is your help.
(what we need 是主语从句，其中what 在从句中充当宾语)
3）That he is very clever is true.
(that he is clever是主语从句，其中that 在从句中不充当成分。)
4）Whether he will go or not has not been decided.
(主语从句中表示是否时只能用whether,不能用if)
5）It is quite clear why he did it.
(常用it作形式主语，把从句后移)
III．表语从句
在复合句中作主句的表语，位于主句系动词之后。
1）The question was who could help us.
2）That is why I like this city.
3）My idea is that we can visit her every other day.
IV．宾语从句
宾语从句在句中充当主句的宾语，要注意以下几点：
1）He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
(第一个that可以省去，但第二个that不能省)
2）Your composition is quite good except that there are some spelling mistakes.
(that很少在介词后面引导宾语从句，只在except, but ，besides和in之后才用)
3）We are talking about whether you should do it.
(介词之后的宾语从句要用whether,不用If)
4）I don’t care whether you like him or not.
(从句中有or not时，只用whether,不用if)
5）He said he would visit you .
(时态呼应)
6）I don’t think you are right.
(否定前移，当主句的主语是we/I 时)
V．同位语从句
在句中作某一名词的同位语。一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise, doubt, order等抽象名词）之后，说明其具体内容。
1）Here comes the news that some foreign friends will come to our school.
(that 不充当成分，只起连接作用，不可省略。)
2）I have no idea when she will come back.
(when she will come back作名词idea 的同位语)
练习：
1．. good his English is, he still has a long way to go.
A. Although B. Even if C. Whatever D. However
2． we go swimming every day us a lot of good.
A. If ; do B. That; do C. Whether; does D. That; does
3． Free film tickets will be sent to are interested in the film.
A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. whichever
4． The question for the new worker is he can operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. whether
5． A man’s worth lies not so much in he has as in he is.
A. that; what B. what; what C. what; that D. that; that
6. The demand the workers ask for higher wages seemed reasonable.
A. what B. that C. which D. when
7. this material can be used in our factory has not been decided yet.
A. Which B. If C. That D. Whether
8. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just worries the public.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
9. Jack was soon told he did was not necessary.
A. why B. why what C. how D. that
10. I have not found my bike yet; in fact, I’m not sure I could have done with it.
A. whether B. where C. how D. what
11. The news our team has won is the same we expected.
A. which; as B. that; as C. that ;that D. 不填；as
12．I know from you said they’re fond of music.
A. what; that B. what; is that C. what; what D. that; is that
13. I have found out they will ask to lead the victory march on Saturday.
A．when B. where C. whom D. how
14. -----Do you know Mr. Black’s address is?
-----He may live at No.18 or 19 of Bridge Street.
I’m not sure of .
A. what; which B. where; which C. where; what D. what; where
15．---Do you mind if Jim will come to help?
----- I really don’t know a person like him can help with.
A. what B. that C. how D. if
16．There is no doubt my friend Smith will come to visit China soon.
A. that B. whether C. if D, when
17. they are most interested in is they can produce more and better cars.
A. That; how B. What; how C. What; that D. That ;that
18. caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
19．The question he asked was the electrical equipment should be stored.
A. where B. because C. which D. that
20．----Look at what you are doing!
----- Ah, I wonder this boot won’t fit me. I’ve been trying to put it on the wrong
foot.
A. how B. if C. why D. that
21．I kept looking at the man, wondering .
A．whether I have seen him before
B．where I had seen him before
C．that I had seen him before
D．when I had seen him before
22．---Do you really believe there is human race in outer space?
---- So far there is no proof people from other planets do exist.
A. which B. how C. what D. that
23． would like to devote his whole life to his country should go there are kinds of difficulties.
A. Who; somewhere B. Whoever; where C. Whatever; anywhere D. Who; there
24．You have not yet answered my question I can join in the party tonight.
A. whether B. if C. which D. that
25．The three of them agreed that arrived first should save seats for the other two.
A. who B. whenever C. however D. whoever
26． Sarah said showed that she didn’t decide to say or not.
A. What; if B. How; Whether C. How; if D. What; whether
27．It is a common belief teenagers today know about computers and are familiar_______ using them in all aspects of life.
A. that; out B. what; with C. that; with D. what; about
28． much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to.
A. How B. whatever C. No matter D. However
29． surprised me most was he was too late for the important meeting, for he was chairman of it.
A. What; why B That; how C. What; how D. That; why
30．---- I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.
----Oh, that was probably I was seeing the doctor.
A. when B. why C. what D. that
31．It is no longer a question man is learning more and more about apace.
A. whether B. that C. if D. how
32． no one likes his ideas is not strange at all.
A．What B. How C. When D. That
33．I have no idea they visited our school by bike in May.
A. when B. How C. why D. what
34．---- Do you know him?
-----Yes, but I can’t remember I met him for the first time.
A. where B. when C. that D. if
35．Nobody knows he mentioned that at the meeting.
A. that B. where C. why D. what
六．单元测试
I．单项选择 15%
1．What a wonder! They’re finished thirty percent of the task within one week.
A. no more than B. no less than
C. not more than D. much less than
2．They finished their work five days .
A. ahead time B. ahead the time
C. ahead of time D. ahead of the time
3．-----Have you almost finished writing your composition?
--------No, I’ve just begun.
A. on the other hand B. on contrary
C. instead D. on the contrary
4．Tom is proud the game.
A. to win B. to have won
C. won D. winning
5．With our teacher’s help, we the problems.
A．took no trouble of solving
B．had no trouble to solving
C．kept no trouble to solve
D．had no difficulty in solving
6．---Do you like cats?
-----Of course. They are a kind of pet. They can do much good to their masters.
A. more than B. not more than
C. more D. better
7．Mr. Green is going to paint his fence .
A. be to white B. to white
C. white D. into white
8．The car goes no faster than 50 kilometers per hour. The phrase “no faster than” means “ ”.
A. more than B. only C. less than D. even less than
9．----Have you had lunch?
-------Yes, I had good dinner in my friend’s home.
A.不填，a B. a, a C. the ,the D.不填，不填
10．She took great pride in her son’s achievements. The underlined part means “ ”.
A. was very interested in B. was very proud of
C. was very pleased with D. sang high praise for
11．At last we got to the village as planned, .
A. one breath after another B. breathed very hardly
C. out of breath D. out of breathe
12．----What had made you so happy, Mary?
---- oh, I’ve just ____ an old friend I haven’t seen for years
A. come across B. come in
C. come out D. come up
13．Mr. Bernard told me not ___ dictionaries too often when we read novels in English.
A. turn over B. turn on
C .turn to D. turn off
14．The clock____ and we realized it was eight o’clock.
A. beat B. hit C. rang D. struck
15．It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcasts began.
A. While B. which C. that D. since
II．完形填空 20%
It’s an age–old saying; Men are from Mars; women are from Venus. Male and females 1 different behaviors almost 2 birth. Researchers say these behaviors are due to 3 differences in brain structure and activity. Studies show men are better at hitting targets(靶子) and solving math problems 4 women are better at memorizing words and 5 faces. Why the differences?
A test of the brain’s electrical activity (EEC) shows that women 6 use both sides of their brain while men rely more on one. Scientists 7 know that the two sides of the brain control different functions—one controlling the sense of space, 8 , the other controlling 9 . Some researchers 10 that the different ways men and women use their brains 11 from ancient times, when cave men hunted and women 12 the children. Men had to have good 13. Women had to tale to the kids.
Whatever the 14, the battle of the sexes 15. And although their brains are constructed slightly differently, men and women may be 16 capable. They may simply 17 different abilities. Take a couple arguing over the location of their car in a parking lot. The man might use his sense of 18 to find it, while woman relies on her memory of landmarks. 19 of them find the car. But changes are, they’ll still 20 who’s the better driver and who’s better at finding the way home.
1. A. build B. form C. choose D. show
2. A. for B. in C. from D. on
3. A. basic B. average C. great D. exact
4. A. so B. as C. yet D. while
5. A. realizing B. recognizing C. describing D. painting
6. A. commonly B. immediately C. finally D. suddenly
7. A. even B. hardly C. already D. seldom
8. A. at least B. as a result C. above all D. for example
9. A. feelings B. language C. direction D. actions
10. A. request B. believe C. suggest D. doubt
11. A. grew B. developed C. invented D. produced
12. A. supported B. carried C. care for D. gave birth to
13. A. aim B. way C. health D. strength
14. A. consideration B. decision C. imagination D. explanation
15. A. changes B. begins C. spreads D. continues
16. A. equally B. fortunately C. surprisingly D. frequently
17. A. show off B. take on C. depend on D. keep up
18. A. area B. space C. sight D. distance
19. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None
20. A. agree with B. think over C. argue about D. point out
III. 阅读理解 20%
A
If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare” “Samuel Johnson” and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English-William the Conqueror.
Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.
But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English Became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (区别)between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meet in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be coo ked, which shows the face that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.
When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does.
Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition.
1．The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were .
A. Welsh and Scottish B. Nordic and Germanic.
C. Celtic and Old English D. Anglo-Saxon and Germanic
2．Which of the following groups of words are, by inference rooted in French?
A. president, lawyer, beef B. president, bread, water
C. bread ,field, sheep D. folk, field, cow
3．Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?
A．Most advertisements in France appear in English.
B．They know little of the history of the English language.
C．Many French words ate similar to English ones.
D．They know French better than German.
4．What is the subject discussed in the test?
A．The history of Great Britain.
B．The similarity between English and French.
C．The rule of England by William the Conqueror.
D．The French influences on the English language.
B
A person, like a commodity (商品),needs packaging. But going too far is absolutely undesirable. A little exaggeration, however, does no harm when it shows the person’s unique qualities to their advantages. To show personal attractiveness in a casual and natural way, it is important for one to have a clear knowledge of oneself. A skilled packager knows how to add art to nature without any signs of embellishment (装饰),so that the person so packaged is not a commodity but a human being , lively and lovely.
A young person, especially a female, shining with beauty and full of life, has all the favor granted by God. Any attempt to make up would be self-defeating. Youth, however, comes and goes in a flash. Packaging for the middle-aged is primarily to hide the marks made by years. If you still enjoy life enough to keep self-confidence and work art pioneering work, you are unique in your natural qualities, and your attractiveness and grace will remain. Elderly people are beautiful if their river of life has been, through plains, mountains and jungles, running its course as it should. You have really lived your life, which now arrives at a self-satisfied stage of quietness and calmness with no interest in fame or wealth. There is no need to make use of hair dyeing. The snow-capped mountain is itself a beautiful scene of fairyland. Let your looks change from young to old in step with the natural ageing process so as to keep in harmony(和谐) with nature, for harmony itself in beauty, while the other way round will only end in unpleasantness. To be in the elder’s company is like reading a thick book of deluxe (better quality) edition that attracts one so much as to be unwilling to part with.
As long as one finds where one stands, one knows how to package oneself, just as a commodity sets up its brand by the right packaging.
1．It can be concluded from the text that .
A．people should be packed at all ages
B．people should be packed in special way
C．elderly people also care about packing
D．proper packing makes people attractive
2．According to the author, if you want to keep in harmony with nature, you should .
A．dye your hair B. make up at a young age
C．follow the ageing process D. give up fame and wealth
3．For the middle-aged, attractiveness .
A. hardly exists B. is the strongest
C. comes from the inside D. comes from the appearance
4．The underlined sentence means that elderly people .
A．are usually packed like a finely-made book
B．experience a lot and have rich knowledge of life
C．do a lot of traveling and can give you much information
D．enjoy reading thick books of beautiful nature and fairylands
IV. 改错 10%
I am always interested in the traveling. My 1.
reasons are quite simple and clearly. If anybody 2.
Is not satisfied with my opinion, I shall greatly 3.
Surprised at his way of think. 4. ____________
First of all, traveling increased our 5._____________
Knowledge. Only by traveling can we see thing 6._____________
Outside our hometown.
In the second place, traveling is good with 7._____________
Our health. While we are traveling, we can 8._____________
Breathe in fresh air or exercise our bodies as well. 9._____________
In a word, I sincerely hope that anybody must 10.________
Grasp the opportunity of traveling.
V. 书面表达 15%
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike 将于6月底到北京作短暂停留，请你办他安排一天的活动。要求用所给的示意图写一份信向他提出建议并对各地点加以简单介绍。
 |
注意：
1.包括示意图中主要内容；
2.词数100左右；
3.信的开头以为你写好；
4.生词：图书城Book Town
Dear Mike,
I’m glad to hear you are coming soon. I’ve planed a one-day trip for you in Being.
Best wishes,
Yours
Li Hua
七. 课后答案及讲解
Lesson 89
1．comprehension
参考答案如下：
1.F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5 F 6 F
6．T(I always carry matches with me at such times)
7．T 9.T
Lesson 91
1．grammar practice
参考答案如下：
1．naturally
2．Surprsingly/ to our surprise
3．from sunrise to sunset
4．from time to time
5．once a month
6．although the weather was bad
7．As a matter of fact
8．here and there
9．once in a while
10．in a word
11．in order to get
12．so as to improve
13．to help
14．running
15．asking and answering
16．having taken off
17．compared
18．seen
19．having finished
20．being shut in the cage
lesson 92
1．word study
1．together 2. out 3. by 4. in 5. in 6.out 7. off 8. to 9. to
讲解部分答案：
语法详释：
高考焦点：
1B 2A 3C 4C 5B 6B 7B 8B 9C 10C
探究性学习
1------5 DDBDB 6-----10 BDABD 11------15 BACAA
16-----20ACAAC 21-----25 BDBAD 26-----30 DCDAA
31-----35 BDCAC
附: 单元测试答案
I．1-5BCDBD 6-10ACBAB 11-15CACDC
II．1.D 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B
10B 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.C;
18.B 19.A 20.C.
III．A; 1C2A3C4D B: 1 D; 2C; 3 C; 4 B.
IV．1.去掉the 2.clearly clear 3.shall 后加be
4.think → thinking 5.increased → increases
6.thing → things 7.with → for
9.正确 10. anybody → everybody
V． One possible version
Dear Mike,
I’m glad to hear you are coming soon. I’ve planned a one-day trip for you in Beijing.
In the morning you can first to the Summer Palace, which is one of the most beautiful parks in Beijing. There you can go boating and climbing. It’s also a nice place for taking pictures. Then in the middle of the day you can enjoy a Chinese Lunch in a restaurant.
In the afternoon, I suggest you visit Beijing University. As you know, it is famous both in China and in the world. Before you go back to your hotel, you can drop in at the Book Town. There are not only different kinds of books but also many Chinese paintings. I hope you’ll have a good time.
Best Wished,
Yours
Li Hua