主谓一致
训练指要
主谓一致是指英语中的谓语在人称、数及意义等方面要与作主语的名词或代词保持一致。英语中的主谓一致须遵循一系列规则，这些规则虽然多而杂，但我们可将这些规则归纳为五大原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则、附加原则和整体原则。高考中单纯考查主谓一致的题目已很少见，一般是与别的项目融合在一起进行考查，短文改错中出现的概率相对较高。
Ⅰ．单项填空
1．（2003上海春季高考题）When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ________ yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
2．Mary is one of the girls who ________ by the headmaster at the meeting.
A. is praised B. are praised
C. was praised D. were praised
3．Mary is the only one of the girls who ________ by the headmaster at the meeting.
A. is praised B. are praised
C. was praised D. were praised
4．To tell you the truth, I, as well as the students, ________ hungry.
A. sure am B. am sure
C. sure are D. are sure
5．All life on our planet ________, in one way or another, upon the sun.
A. depend B. depending
C. depends D. depended
6．Whisky and soda ________ always my favorite drink.
A. is B. was
C. are D. were
7．Kate as well as her sister ________ interest in studying Chinese.
A. are B. take
C. takes D. is
8．More than one graduate ________ sent to the hardest place since 1979.
A. is B. are
C. has been D. have been
9．The secretary of the Party branch and director of that factory often ________ with the workers.
A. works B. work
C. is working D. are working
10．Most of the artists will go to the United States next week. The rest ________ to visit Japan.
A. has B. have
C. are D. is
11．His family ________ always quarrelling among ________.
A. is; itself B. are; themselves
C. is; themselves D. are; itself
12．Some folk ________ never ________ with the present situation.
A. is; satisfying B. are; satisfied
C. are; satisfying D. is; satisfied
13．On the wall ________ two large portraits of his parents.
A. hangs B. hanged
C. hanging D. hang
14．As the proverb says，failure ________ the mother of success.
A. are B. is
C. was D. were
15．Each of the students in our class ________ great interest in English and they each ________ a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary.
A. shows; have B. have; has
C. is; have D. takes; has
16．I don’t like very hot weather. Thirty degrees ________ too warm for me.
A. is B. are
C. was D. were
17．A number of people ________ for the delegation，but the number of economists ________ to three.
A. were selected; were limited
B. selected; limited
C. were selected; limited
D. were selected; was limited
18．— ________ your clothes?
—No，mine ________ hanging over there.
A. Is it; is B. Are these; are
C. Is it; are D. Are these; is
19．The factory，including its machines and buildings, ________ burnt last night.
A. is B. are
C. were D. was
20．John and Mary, ________ sure to come to our party this evening.
A. be B. are
C. is D. who are
21．Either you or the headmaster ________ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
A. is not decided B. are to hand out
C. are handing out D. is to hand out
22．—Where ________ my scissors?
— ________ right on the desk.
A. are; It’s B. is; It’s
C. are; They are D. is; They are
23．The White family ________ very large. All the family ________ animal lovers.
A. is; are B. is; is
C. are; is D. are; are
24．Three-fourth of the surface of the earth ________ sea.
A. is B. are
C. were D. has been
25．All but one ________ here just now.
A. is B. was
C. has been D. were
26．A library with five thousand books ________ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered
27．The number of them people invited ________ fifty，but a number of them ________ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; were
28．Light and heat ________ often sent out together with heavy smoke.
A. is B. was
C. are D. being
29．There ________ a needle and thread. You can do the sewing and mending yourself.
A. have B. has
C. is D. are
30．No chair and no desk ________ permitted to be taken away from the reading room.
A. are B. were
C. is D. be
31．Half of the fruit ________ gone bad.
A. is B. are
C. has D. have
32．The youth of China today ________ trying their best to study modern science and technology.
A. is B. was
C. were D. are
33．Dr. White，together with his assistant and family, ________ arrive in Beijing tomorrow.
A. are to B. are going to
C. is to D. will be to
34．All that can be done ________ done.
A. has been B. have been
C. has D. have
35．Strangely enough，a pair of new trousers ________ among the rubbish.
A. were found B. was found
C. found D. had found
36．His “Selected Poems” ________ first published in 1970.
A. was B. were
C. had been D. have been
37．Large quantities of fruit ________ all over the world from China today.
A. is shipped B. are shipped
C. has shipped D. have shipped
38．All possible means ________ to save the wounded soldier.
A. has been tried B. have been tried
C. is to be tried D. are trying
39．The two sisters are forced to play the piano. In fact，neither of them ________ to play it.
A. like B. liked C. likes D. liking
40．Sixty percent of the milk ________ horrible.
A. tasted B. taste C. was tasted D. were tasted
41．One thousand dollars ________ a large sum of money in her eye.
A. are B. is C. should be D. seem to be
42．Many a father ________ learnt to his sorrow what it is to have a son who tells lies.
A. have B. is C. are D. has
43．There ________ a pen, a pencil-box, some books and a lot of money in the drawer.
A. seem to be B. seems to be
C. seem to have D. seems to have
44．It ________ William and Carol who helped me the other day.
A. has been B. are
C. was D. were
45．Nobody but his family ________ the secret.
A. know B. are known
C. have known D. knew
46．The Chinese ________ a brave and hard-working people.
A. are B. is
C. has been D. can be
47．In our country each boy and each girl ________ the right to receive education.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
48．Growing around the lake ________ wild flowers of different colors.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
49．________ this pair of trousers fit him well?
A. Are B. Is C. Do D. Does
50．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ________ tired of having one examination after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
Ⅱ．用所给动词的正确形式填空
1．There ________（be）one or two things I’d like to know about.
2．A knife and fork ________（cost）ten dollars.
3．One hundred years ________（be）not a long time in human history.
4．How to get rid of these things ________（be ）a key problem.
5．An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ________（be）to be built here.
6．One-fourth of the students in our class ________（be）League members.
7．The Philippines ________（be）in the Pacific Ocean.
8．The United States ________（lie）in the Western Hemisphere.
9．Do you know what politics ________（be）.
10．There ________（be）a pair of compasses on Lucy’s desk.
11．About two-thirds of his property ________（be）lost in the flood.
12．A large quantity of coal ________（ship）here since last September.
13．What he says or what he does ________（not concern）me.
14．None of the materials ________（be）conductors.
15．Every teacher and student ________（have）good reason to be proud of their school.
16．Ten thousand tons of coal ________（be）produced last year in that coal mine.
17．The population of China ________（be）the largest in the world.
18．Nearly sixty percent of the population in China ________（be）farmers.
19．That strange animal belongs to a species that ________（have）scarcely been seen.
20．Such teachers as Mr. Wang ________（be）always respected by the students.
Ⅲ．改错题。下列句子均有一个错误，请更正。
1．Anyone may borrow books，and it cost nothing to borrow them.
2．Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.
3．Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.
4．Our headmaster and secretary are Comrade Lao Li.
5．You，rather than your brother，is to be scolded by your parents.
6．All of them except Xiao Ming wants to go to the movies this afternoon.
7．The police is searching the village for an escaped prisoner.
8．My parents’returning to China from abroad make us very happy.
9．Anyone who break the law will be punished.
10．Only the rich has such fine furniture now.
参考答案
Ⅰ．单项填空
1~5 DDCAC 6~10 ACCAC
11~15 BBDBA 16~20 ADBDA
21~25 DCAAD 26~30 ACCCC
31~35 CDCAB 36~40 ABBCA
41~45 BDBCD 46~50 ACBDB
【解析】
1．尽管有两个疑问词，但本句只有一个动词作主语，故谓语依然用单数，且本句应是完成时态。
2．定语从句的先行词是the girls，故应是复数。
3．定语从句的先行词是the only one，故应是单数。
4．本句的主语是I；另外本句中的sure是副词，意为“确实、真的”。
6．whisky and soda意为“加苏打的威世忌”，属单数概念。
7．as well as适用附加原则。
8．more than one graduate“不止一个毕业生”，在英语中属单数概念。
9．the secretary of the Party branch and director of that factory在这里指的是同一个人。
10．the rest（artists）在这里是复数。
11．family在这里指的是“家人”，故应是复数。
16．本题适用整体原则。
17．a number of是“许多”的意思，后接可数名词的复数，谓语用复数；the number of是“……的数目”之意，谓语用单数。
20．本题的John and Mary属呼语，用逗号隔开，后面是一个祈使句。
22．scissors“剪刀”，一般用作复数。
29．a needle and thread“一根穿了线的针”，单数。
30．no出现在几个并列主语中时，谓语一般都用单数。
31．half在这里指的是fruit的一半，fruit 属不可数名词，故用单数。
42．many a father在英语中其结构看作单数。
44．本句是强调句型，填空处只能是单数。
45．本句主语是nobody，but his family看作是主语的附加结构。
47．each或every连接两个主语时，谓语用单数。
48．本句是一个倒装句，主语是wild flowers of different colors。
49．本句主语是this pair，用作单数。
Ⅱ．用所给动词的正确形式填空
1．are 2．costs 3．is 4．is 5．is 6．are 7．are 8．lies 9．are/is 10．is 11．was 12．has been shipped 13．does not concern 14．are 15．has 16．were 17．is 18．are 19．has 20．are
Ⅲ．改错题。
1．cost→costs 2．give→gives 3．is→are 4．are→is 5．is→are 6．wants→want 7．is→are 8．make→makes 9．break→breaks 10．has→have